Chinese Evergreen (Aglaonema) is a popular indoor plant, recognized for its attractive, often variegated foliage and ability to thrive in various indoor conditions. Native to tropical and subtropical Asia, these plants are well-suited for indoor environments. Their ease of care, diverse leaf patterns (from deep green to silver, red, and pink), and tolerance for indirect light make them a favored choice for many homes and offices.
Understanding Chinese Evergreen Toxicity
Chinese Evergreen plants are toxic to humans and pets due to insoluble calcium oxalate crystals found throughout their leaves, stems, and sap. When plant material is chewed or ingested, these needle-like crystals are released, causing immediate irritation and pain upon contact with mucous membranes. The crystals can embed in tissues of the mouth, throat, and gastrointestinal tract, leading to a burning sensation and discomfort. While generally not life-threatening, the reaction causes significant distress, and the unpleasant taste often deters further ingestion.
Symptoms of Exposure
Exposure to Chinese Evergreen can cause a range of symptoms in both humans and pets due to irritating calcium oxalate crystals. For humans, ingestion often leads to immediate oral irritation, including a burning sensation in the mouth, tongue, and lips, potentially followed by swelling of these areas and the throat. Individuals may also experience excessive drooling, difficulty swallowing, nausea, and vomiting. If the sap contacts skin, it can cause localized irritation and rashes.
Pets, particularly dogs and cats, display similar signs of distress if they chew or ingest the plant. Common symptoms include pawing at the mouth, excessive drooling, and signs of oral pain or discomfort. Vomiting and loss of appetite are also frequently observed. In rare, severe instances, throat swelling can lead to difficulty breathing or swallowing, requiring prompt attention.
Emergency Response and Seeking Help
If a human has ingested parts of a Chinese Evergreen, act quickly to minimize discomfort. Immediately rinse the mouth thoroughly with water to help remove any remaining plant material and crystals. If sap has contacted the skin, wash the area with soap and water. Do not induce vomiting, as this can cause further irritation.
Contact a poison control center immediately at 1-800-222-1222. Be prepared to provide the plant’s name and the amount ingested. Seek medical attention if severe swelling, difficulty breathing, or persistent symptoms develop.
For Pets
If a pet ingests Chinese Evergreen, rinse their mouth with cool, clean water if done safely. Do not induce vomiting unless specifically instructed by a veterinary professional.
Immediately contact your veterinarian or an animal poison control center, such as the ASPCA Animal Poison Control Center at (888) 426-4435. Have information about your pet’s weight, the amount ingested, and any observed symptoms ready. Prompt veterinary attention is necessary if your pet exhibits severe symptoms like persistent vomiting, difficulty breathing, or significant swelling.
Safe Handling and Prevention
To prevent accidental exposure to Chinese Evergreen, especially in households with children and pets, strategic placement is important. Position plants on high shelves or in rooms where curious hands and paws cannot easily reach them, such as a designated plant room or a closed-off office.
When handling the plant for tasks like pruning, repotting, or cleaning leaves, wear gloves to avoid direct contact with the sap. After any interaction, thoroughly wash your hands with soap and water. Educating children about not touching or putting plants into their mouths helps prevent accidental ingestion. Supervising pets to discourage them from chewing on houseplants is also a practical preventive measure.