Asiatic jasmine (Trachelospermum asiaticum) is a popular ground cover, valued for its dense, evergreen foliage and resilience. Gardeners frequently choose this plant for its ability to quickly cover large areas, suppress weeds, and provide an attractive, low-maintenance landscape solution. Its vigorous growth habit, however, raises questions about its invasive potential. This article explores whether Asiatic jasmine is invasive and how to manage its spread.
Understanding Asiatic Jasmine’s Growth Habits
Asiatic jasmine is a woody, evergreen vine native to Asia. It exhibits a rapid growth rate, with some varieties spreading up to two feet per year, forming a dense, tangled mat of vines up to 18 inches tall and spreading over 10 feet wide.
Its aggressive spread stems from its ability to root at nodes; new roots form wherever a stem touches the ground, allowing continuous expansion. This rooting behavior, combined with dense foliage, effectively suppresses weeds by blocking light and outcompeting them for resources. Asiatic jasmine is highly adaptable, tolerating various soil types and light conditions from full sun to deep shade, and is relatively drought-tolerant once established. These attributes make it a resilient choice for many landscapes, but also contribute to its vigorous growth.
The Invasive Question: Status and Impact
The term “invasive” refers to a non-native species that causes environmental or economic harm. While Asiatic jasmine is widely used as a ground cover due to its hardiness, its aggressive growth means it can behave invasively, even if not formally listed in all regions. Its non-native origin is a defining factor in this assessment.
Asiatic jasmine’s vigorous spreading can lead to significant ecological impacts. It outcompetes native vegetation, forming monocultures that reduce biodiversity. This dense growth can smother existing plants, preventing their establishment and altering habitat for local wildlife. Sources like the California Invasive Plant Council and the Lady Bird Johnson Wildflower Center consider Trachelospermum asiaticum invasive due to its aggressive growth and spreading nature.
Managing Asiatic Jasmine and Preventing Spread
Managing Asiatic jasmine requires consistent effort due to its vigorous growth. To prevent unwanted spread, install physical barriers or regularly trim its boundaries. Edging the plant with a string trimmer or hand pruners helps keep runners from encroaching on adjacent areas.
For existing growth, various control methods are available. Manual removal involves digging out the plants, ensuring all roots and stem fragments are collected, as new plants can sprout from even small pieces. Mowing large patches in late winter before spring growth can also help to control its height and density. Chemical control with broadleaf liquid herbicides, such as glyphosate, can be effective, but requires careful application to avoid harming desirable plants. Repeated applications may be necessary, and all foliage must be covered for effective absorption.
Alternative Ground Covers
For those seeking ground cover options without Asiatic jasmine’s aggressive tendencies, several alternatives exist. Native plants are often a good choice as they are adapted to local conditions and support regional ecosystems.
Japanese spurge (Pachysandra terminalis) offers a similar evergreen, low-growing appearance for shady areas.
Liriope (Liriope muscari) is adaptable to both sun and shade, forming clumps that spread by rhizomes.
Ornamental perennial peanut (Arachis glabrata) provides a dense, low-maintenance ground cover with showy yellow flowers in warmer climates.
Sunshine mimosa (Mimosa strigillosa) is a drought-tolerant, native alternative for sunny, dry spots, producing pink blooms.