Gray tree frogs, common in eastern North America, are known for their color-changing ability and often appear in backyards. Many wonder if these amphibians, which produce defensive compounds, are poisonous to humans or pets.
Clarifying “Poisonous”
The term “poisonous” can sometimes be confused with “venomous,” but there is a clear distinction. An animal is considered venomous if it injects toxins, typically through a bite or sting, like a snake or a bee. In contrast, an animal is poisonous if it delivers toxins when ingested or absorbed through contact, such as through the skin. Gray tree frogs are not venomous, meaning they do not bite or sting to inject toxins.
However, gray tree frogs do possess mild skin secretions as a natural defense mechanism. These secretions are not considered highly poisonous to humans and are generally not life-threatening. While they can cause some irritation upon contact with sensitive areas, consuming a gray tree frog is unlikely to cause serious harm to a healthy adult.
Understanding Their Defensive Secretions
Gray tree frogs produce skin secretions primarily as a deterrent against predators. These secretions are noxious, making them unpalatable or mildly irritating when a predator, human, or pet makes contact.
For humans, contact with these secretions, especially if they reach mucous membranes like the eyes, mouth, or an open cut, can cause discomfort. Symptoms include burning, itching, or mild irritation. Pets might experience more noticeable reactions if they lick or ingest a gray tree frog. Symptoms in pets can include excessive drooling, foaming at the mouth, vomiting, or diarrhea. While these effects are unpleasant, severe illness or fatalities in pets from gray tree frog contact are not commonly documented.
Safe Handling and What to Do After Contact
Ideally, minimize interaction with gray tree frogs to protect both the animal and yourself. If handling is necessary, use gloves or ensure hands are clean and moist with dechlorinated water. Frogs have delicate, permeable skin that can absorb oils, lotions, or chemicals from human hands, which can be detrimental to their health.
If you or a pet come into contact with a gray tree frog’s secretions, prompt action is recommended. For humans, thoroughly wash any affected skin areas with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. This removes irritants and reduces transfer to sensitive areas. If secretions enter the eyes, flush them immediately with plenty of clean water.
If a pet has licked or ingested a gray tree frog, rinsing their mouth thoroughly with water is an immediate first aid step. Gently wipe their gums to remove any remaining mucus. While serious reactions are uncommon, observe your pet for symptoms like persistent drooling, vomiting, or lethargy. If symptoms are severe, worsen, or if you are unsure about the type of frog your pet encountered, contacting a veterinarian for advice is recommended.