Tongue scraping, rooted in the ancient Indian system of Ayurveda, enhances oral hygiene by removing the coating that accumulates on the tongue. In Ayurveda, this residue is known as “ama,” representing toxins and undigested material that build up overnight. Modern science confirms this coating is composed of microbes and volatile sulfur compounds that cause halitosis and a dulled sense of taste. As this tool has grown in popularity, consumers often ask: Does copper offer a genuine advantage over common alternatives like plastic or stainless steel?
Why Material Matters: The Antimicrobial Action of Copper
Copper possesses a unique quality that sets it apart from other common scraper materials: the oligodynamic effect. This refers to the ability of minute quantities of metal ions to exert a lethal effect on microbial cells. Copper ions achieve this by binding to proteins and enzymes within bacteria and viruses, disrupting their cellular structure and metabolic processes. This process effectively deactivates microbes, meaning a copper scraper actively reduces the bacterial load on its own surface.
This continuous self-sanitizing action is beneficial for a hygiene tool stored between uses. While scraping removes the bulk of debris, the copper material eliminates surviving bacteria left on the tool itself. This inherent antimicrobial property contributes to a cleaner surface, reducing the risk of cross-contamination. The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency has even registered copper as the only solid surface material capable of killing bacteria that pose a threat to human health.
Copper vs. Alternatives: Performance and Practicality
Comparing copper to its primary alternatives, stainless steel and plastic, reveals distinct advantages and trade-offs. Copper’s primary edge is its antimicrobial quality, which continues to reduce bacteria on the tool even after rinsing. Stainless steel, while not antimicrobial, is durable, resistant to corrosion, and provides a smooth, firm surface effective for mechanical removal. Plastic scrapers are the least effective, often being too flexible for thorough cleaning and tending to harbor more bacteria than metal alternatives.
Both copper and stainless steel are long-term investments that can last for years. Stainless steel is virtually maintenance-free and will never tarnish. Copper is durable but will naturally oxidize, requiring occasional cleaning to maintain its appearance. Plastic is the least durable, often needing frequent replacement as it can degrade or warp. Copper is often described as feeling softer and more flexible than stainless steel, which some users prefer for a gentle scrape.
From a cost perspective, plastic is the most affordable initial purchase, followed by stainless steel, with copper often representing the highest investment. Copper is superior for users who prioritize natural antimicrobial benefits and align with the Ayurvedic tradition. Stainless steel remains a practical choice for those seeking maximum durability, minimal maintenance, and a firm, effective scraping action.
Technique for Effective Tongue Cleaning
The effectiveness of tongue scraping depends largely on proper technique, regardless of the material used. It is recommended to scrape the tongue first thing in the morning to remove the overnight accumulation of debris and bacteria. The process should begin with the scraper placed as far back on the tongue as comfortable, being careful not to trigger the gag reflex.
Gentle, light pressure should be applied as the tool is pulled slowly forward toward the tip of the tongue in one continuous motion. Applying too much force can cause irritation or damage the delicate surface of the tongue. After each pass, the scraper must be rinsed thoroughly under running water to wash away the removed coating. This prevents the transfer of debris back onto the tongue surface. The process should be repeated three to five times until the entire surface feels clean and no visible residue remains.
Care and Longevity of Copper Scrapers
A unique consideration for copper scrapers is their tendency to oxidize, a natural chemical reaction with oxygen and moisture. This oxidation causes the copper to develop a dark patina or tarnish over time. While tarnish does not diminish the copper’s antimicrobial properties, many users clean it for aesthetic reasons.
To restore the original shine, a simple cleaning solution using common household items is effective. A mixture of salt and an acid, such as lemon juice or white vinegar, can be applied with a soft cloth to gently scrub away the tarnish. After cleaning, the scraper must be rinsed completely with warm water to remove any residue. The copper scraper should be dried fully with a soft towel after every use, as moisture accelerates the tarnishing process.