Blood pressure measures the force exerted by circulating blood against artery walls. These arteries carry blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Understanding your blood pressure numbers provides insight into your overall health, as a healthy range ensures oxygen and nutrients reach all organs effectively.
Decoding Blood Pressure Numbers
A blood pressure reading consists of two numbers, expressed as millimeters of mercury (mmHg). The top number is systolic pressure, measuring the force in your arteries when your heart beats. The bottom number is diastolic pressure, reflecting the pressure when your heart rests between beats.
According to the American Heart Association (AHA) and the American College of Cardiology (ACC), normal blood pressure for adults is typically less than 120 mmHg systolic and less than 80 mmHg diastolic. Readings between 120-129 mmHg systolic and less than 80 mmHg diastolic are categorized as elevated. High blood pressure, or hypertension, is generally 130 mmHg systolic or higher, or 80 mmHg diastolic or higher.
Is 104 Considered Low Blood Pressure?
Low blood pressure, medically known as hypotension, occurs when blood pressure is much lower than expected. A common threshold for hypotension is a reading below 90 mmHg systolic and 60 mmHg diastolic. However, a systolic reading of 104 mmHg is generally not considered “low” if the diastolic number is within a healthy range and no symptoms are present. This reading often falls within the lower end of the normal blood pressure range. Many people can have blood pressure readings around 104 mmHg systolic without experiencing any issues.
Low blood pressure is primarily defined by the presence of symptoms, rather than just a specific number. Common symptoms associated with hypotension include dizziness, lightheadedness, fainting, blurred vision, fatigue, and nausea. If a reading of 104 mmHg systolic is accompanied by these symptoms, it warrants attention.
Several factors can cause blood pressure to drop, leading to symptomatic hypotension. Dehydration is a frequent cause, as it reduces blood volume. Certain medications, such as those for high blood pressure, heart conditions, or depression, can also lower blood pressure. Underlying health conditions like heart problems, endocrine disorders, or severe infections may also contribute to low blood pressure.
When to Consult a Healthcare Professional
If you frequently experience symptoms like dizziness, lightheadedness, or fainting, even with a reading around 104 mmHg, it is advisable to consult a healthcare professional. Persistent fatigue, blurred vision, or confusion alongside a lower blood pressure reading also indicates a need for medical evaluation. These symptoms suggest that your body may not be receiving adequate blood flow.
Seeking medical advice is important if you are taking medications that could affect blood pressure or if you have existing health conditions. Your doctor can assess your individual situation, determine if your blood pressure is too low for you, and identify any underlying causes. They can also provide personalized guidance on managing your blood pressure and addressing any related symptoms.