Hemorrhoids, commonly referred to as piles, are swollen veins located in or around the rectum and anus. This condition can cause discomfort, itching, and sometimes bleeding. Many wonder what happens when a hemorrhoid “bursts” and if this resolves the problem.
What Happens When a Hemorrhoid Bursts
A bursting hemorrhoid refers to the rupture of a thrombosed external hemorrhoid. This occurs when a blood clot forms inside the external hemorrhoid, leading to increased pressure and often severe pain. If this pressure becomes too great, the hemorrhoid can rupture through the overlying skin, releasing the blood clot.
Rupture often brings sudden pain relief as pressure is released. This event is usually accompanied by bright red bleeding, which can be seen in the toilet bowl, on toilet paper, or in stool. The appearance of the ruptured hemorrhoid itself may be a dark, bluish-purple lump with a break in the skin from which blood or a clot may emerge. While the bleeding can be alarming, it typically lasts for a few seconds to several minutes, usually not exceeding 10 minutes.
Does Bursting Resolve the Issue
While a burst thrombosed hemorrhoid offers immediate relief from acute pain and swelling, it does not mean the hemorrhoid permanently “goes away.” The expulsion or absorption of the blood clot significantly reduces discomfort, and the affected area typically begins to heal over several weeks. However, the underlying dilated vein remains, and the area may heal with a skin tag.
A burst hemorrhoid addresses the acute thrombotic event but does not cure the underlying venous issue. Therefore, there is a potential for recurrence of hemorrhoids in the same location or the development of new ones in different areas. Most thrombosed hemorrhoids, even without bursting, tend to resolve on their own within two to three weeks, with pain subsiding within 7 to 10 days as the body reabsorbs the clot.
Managing a Burst Hemorrhoid and When to Seek Medical Help
Immediate care for a burst hemorrhoid focuses on hygiene, pain management, and monitoring for complications. Gentle cleaning of the anal area with warm water after bowel movements is advised, and moistened wipes can be used instead of dry toilet paper. Sitz baths, which involve soaking the anal area in warm water for 15 to 20 minutes several times a day, can soothe the area, promote cleanliness, and increase blood flow for healing. Over-the-counter pain relievers like ibuprofen or acetaminophen can help manage discomfort, and applying a cloth-covered ice pack can reduce swelling.
Seek medical attention if bleeding is excessive or prolonged (lasting more than 10 minutes), or if it is recurrent. Signs of infection (fever, chills, or pus) also warrant immediate medical evaluation. Additionally, any severe pain that does not subside or uncertainty about the diagnosis of rectal bleeding should prompt a visit to a doctor, as bleeding can sometimes indicate other serious conditions.
Preventing Future Hemorrhoids
Preventing hemorrhoids involves lifestyle adjustments that promote healthy bowel function and reduce pressure in the rectal area. Increasing dietary fiber intake through fruits, vegetables, and whole grains helps soften stools, making them easier to pass and reducing straining. Adequate hydration, by drinking plenty of water throughout the day, complements fiber intake to prevent constipation.
Avoiding prolonged sitting on the toilet and promptly responding to the urge to have a bowel movement can also reduce pressure on the veins. Regular physical activity, such as brisk walking, helps keep the bowels moving and improves overall digestive health. Addressing chronic constipation or diarrhea through dietary changes or medical consultation can also significantly lower the risk of future hemorrhoid development.