Companion planting involves strategically placing different plant species near each other to foster mutually beneficial relationships. This technique creates a healthier, more resilient growing environment for cherry trees, enhancing their growth and productivity towards a more balanced and thriving ecosystem.
Benefits of Companion Planting
Companion planting around cherry trees offers numerous advantages. One benefit is improved soil health. Nitrogen-fixing plants convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form in the soil, enriching the growing medium for cherry trees and reducing the need for synthetic inputs.
Another advantage is natural pest deterrence. Many plants release compounds or have strong aromas that repel common cherry tree pests, providing a protective barrier and reducing reliance on chemical pesticides. Companion plants also attract beneficial insects, such as pollinators like bees and butterflies, essential for fruit production. These insects also include predators like ladybugs and lacewings that feed on harmful pests, further safeguarding the cherry trees.
Weed suppression is another practical benefit, as groundcover plants outcompete weeds for resources, minimizing competition around the cherry tree’s base. This also helps conserve soil moisture by shading the ground. Additionally, some companion plants possess anti-fungal properties, helping cherry trees resist certain diseases.
Ideal Companion Plants for Cherry Trees
Selecting the right companion plants enhances cherry tree health and productivity. Various plants offer specific benefits, contributing to a thriving ecosystem.
Comfrey (Symphytum officinale) is valued for improving soil health. Its deep taproots draw nutrients and minerals from deep within the soil, making them available to the shallower roots of the cherry tree. When comfrey leaves decompose, they release these accumulated nutrients back into the topsoil, acting as a natural fertilizer. Comfrey’s large leaves also serve as a living mulch, suppressing weeds and retaining soil moisture.
Aromatic herbs deter pests with their strong scents.
Chives repel pests with their onion-like smell and possess anti-fungal properties.
Chamomile deters insects and improves soil structure.
Rosemary’s strong aroma confuses and repels insects.
Lavender deters moths and other pests.
Oregano contributes anti-fungal benefits and acts as a pest confuser.
Flowers attract beneficial insects and deter pests.
Marigolds repel harmful nematodes and attract pollinators.
Nasturtiums act as a trap crop for aphids and deter codling moths.
Calendula attracts beneficial insects like ladybugs and lacewings.
Daffodils attract essential pollinators and deter deer, rabbits, and voles.
Legumes, such as clover, beans, and peas, are excellent nitrogen-fixers. They convert atmospheric nitrogen into a usable form, enriching the soil for cherry trees. White clover also acts as a living groundcover, suppressing weeds and retaining soil moisture. These plants provide a steady supply of nitrogen, reducing the need for external fertilizers.
Plants to Avoid
While many plants benefit cherry trees, certain species should be kept at a distance to prevent negative interactions.
Members of the nightshade family, including tomatoes, potatoes, and peppers, are not suitable companions. They can share diseases and attract pests that affect cherry trees, increasing disease transmission.
Some plants compete aggressively for nutrients and water, hindering cherry tree growth.
Tall annuals like sunflowers create excessive shade.
Plants with extensive root systems, such as raspberries, currants, gooseberries, and sea buckthorn, compete directly with cherry trees for vital resources.
Certain trees and herbs can also pose problems. Black walnut trees produce juglone, a chemical toxic to many plants, including cherry trees, which can reduce yields. Mint can become invasive, competing with tree roots for space and nutrients. Fennel releases chemicals that inhibit the growth of neighboring plants.
Practical Tips for Companion Planting
Successful companion planting requires careful planning and observation.
Proper spacing avoids competition for resources. Plants needing more sunlight, such as marigolds, should be placed outside the cherry tree’s canopy, while shade-tolerant species can be planted closer to the trunk. Leave some space directly around the tree’s base to prevent overcrowding and ensure adequate air circulation.
Well-draining, organic-rich soil benefits all plants. Incorporating compost enhances fertility and structure, providing a healthy foundation.
Ongoing maintenance involves monitoring plant interactions. Regular watering supports all plants, especially during dry periods. Avoid herbicides near companion plants, as they harm beneficial species and disrupt the ecosystem. Observe plant growth and health to identify issues early and adjust planting as needed.