Lateral epicondylitis, commonly known as tennis elbow, is a condition characterized by pain on the outer part of the elbow. This pain often stems from inflammation or degeneration of the tendons that connect the forearm muscles to the outside of the elbow joint. Many individuals seeking relief for this discomfort consider using a tennis elbow brace. This article explores whether these braces offer an effective solution for managing the symptoms of tennis elbow.
How Braces Provide Support
Tennis elbow braces aim to alleviate pain by altering the biomechanics of the forearm muscles. A primary mechanism involves counterforce, where a strap applies localized pressure to the forearm muscles just below the elbow. By doing so, the brace can reduce the tension and strain exerted on the inflamed tendon attachment at the lateral epicondyle during gripping or wrist extension movements.
Compression is another principle employed by some braces, particularly sleeves. Gentle, even pressure around the elbow joint can help reduce swelling in the affected area. Compression also provides proprioceptive feedback, improving awareness of joint position and movement. The combined effect of these mechanisms helps to redistribute stress away from the injured tendon, potentially reducing pain and allowing the tendon to begin healing.
Common Types of Braces
Several types of braces are commonly used for tennis elbow, each with a distinct design and application. Counterforce braces, often resembling a strap, are among the most prevalent. These typically feature a pad positioned over the forearm muscles about one to two inches below the elbow joint. The strap then cinches around the forearm, applying pressure intended to reduce tendon strain.
Compression sleeves represent another common option, providing more generalized support to the entire elbow joint. These elastic sleeves fit snugly around the arm, offering mild compression to help manage swelling. While they do not offer the targeted counterforce of a strap, they can still provide comfort and some level of support during activity.
Evidence on Brace Effectiveness
Research on the effectiveness of tennis elbow braces suggests they can offer symptomatic relief for many individuals. Studies indicate that counterforce braces, in particular, may reduce pain during activities that involve gripping or wrist extension. This pain reduction allows individuals to perform daily tasks or engage in sports with greater comfort. However, braces are generally considered a tool for managing symptoms rather than a standalone cure for the underlying tendon pathology.
While braces can provide immediate pain relief and functional support, their role in long-term recovery and preventing recurrence is less clear. They are often most effective when used as part of a comprehensive treatment plan that may include rest, physical therapy, and activity modification. Individual responses to brace use can vary significantly, with some people experiencing substantial benefits while others find only limited relief.
Optimizing Brace Use
Proper fit and placement are important for a tennis elbow brace to provide its intended benefits. For a counterforce strap, the pad should typically be positioned on the meatiest part of the forearm, about one to two finger-widths below the elbow crease. The strap should be snug enough to apply firm pressure without cutting off circulation or causing discomfort. It should feel supportive during activity without restricting movement excessively.
It is generally recommended to wear the brace during activities that tend to aggravate elbow pain, such as lifting, gripping, or playing sports. Removing the brace during periods of rest can allow the arm to relax and prevent over-reliance on the support. If pain persists or worsens despite consistent brace use, or if new symptoms develop, consulting a healthcare professional for further evaluation and treatment options is advisable.
References
1. [The effectiveness of physical therapy interventions in the treatment of lateral epicondylitis: A systematic review.](https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6400267/)