An eye patch is a medical device used to cover and protect the eye. Its primary function is to create full occlusion, blocking vision to encourage the use of the weaker eye, which is a common treatment for amblyopia, sometimes called “lazy eye.” The patch can also provide a physical barrier to shield a compromised eye following an injury or surgical procedure.
Choosing the Right Patch Type
The selection of an eye patch generally falls into two main categories: adhesive or reusable. Adhesive patches work like large bandages, featuring a sticky backing that adheres directly to the skin around the eye. These disposable patches are highly effective for occlusion therapy because they form a complete seal, making it nearly impossible for the wearer to peek around the edges.
Reusable patches typically consist of a soft fabric or a structured cup held in place by an elastic band or strap that wraps around the head. Another common variant is the fabric patch that slips over the lens of a pair of glasses. These non-adhesive options are often preferred for post-operative protection or when a less permanent barrier is needed. The choice between a stick-on patch for full occlusion and a reusable one for protection depends on the specific medical recommendation.
Step-by-Step Application Guide
Applying an adhesive patch requires preparation to ensure a secure fit and minimize skin irritation. Begin by ensuring the skin around the eye is clean and completely dry, as any moisture or oil will compromise the adhesive bond. After peeling off the protective backing, have the wearer close both eyes and relax the face muscles before placement.
The patch should be positioned with the narrow end closest to the bridge of the nose, covering the entire eye, including the eyebrow. Apply the patch by gently smoothing it from the nose outward, taking care to avoid creating wrinkles or folds. For wearers who use glasses, the adhesive patch must be placed directly onto the skin first, with the glasses worn over the patch to maintain the therapeutic seal.
The application of a reusable cup or fabric patch involves different steps. Start by positioning the patch centrally over the affected eye, ensuring the entire orbit is covered. For cup-style patches, secure the elastic band snugly around the head, adjusting the length to hold the patch firmly in place without applying pressure directly onto the eyeball.
For glasses patches, ensure the fabric fully covers the lens and the perimeter of the frame. The goal is to create a complete visual block. After securing the patch, visually check that the material is not pressing against the eyelashes or lid, which could cause discomfort and blinking.
Maintaining Comfort and Hygiene
Extended use of adhesive patches can lead to skin irritation and redness, which can be managed with proactive skin care. Before applying a new patch, a thin layer of a protective barrier, such as Milk of Magnesia or a calamine lotion, can be applied to the skin. This creates a buffer between the adhesive and the delicate skin, reducing the likelihood of a reaction.
If a patch feels too sticky upon removal, you can slightly “de-tack” the adhesive by briefly pressing it onto a clean piece of clothing before applying it to the face. Remove the patch gently by starting to peel from the side closest to the nose, pulling slowly along the edge while using a finger to press down on the adjacent skin. Applying a soothing cream, like petroleum jelly, to the area after removal can help restore skin moisture.
Reusable patches require consistent hygiene to prevent the accumulation of oils and bacteria, which could lead to eye infection. After each use, hand wash the patch with a mild, fragrance-free soap, rinsing thoroughly until all soap residue is gone. Allow the patch to air dry completely before storing or reusing it, as a damp patch is an environment where germs can thrive.
Wearing an eye patch requires an adjustment to altered visual input, primarily a temporary loss of binocular vision, which affects depth perception and peripheral awareness. When using a cup patch with glasses, choosing a patch with a low curvature can prevent the cup from bumping against the lenses. Adapting to these visual changes is important, particularly when navigating stairs or uneven surfaces.