A breast prosthesis, often called a breast form, is an artificial replacement designed to restore the shape and appearance of a breast after surgery, such as a mastectomy or lumpectomy. Wearing a prosthesis restores a balanced silhouette and helps clothes fit better. It also offers a physical benefit by helping to maintain proper posture and spinal alignment, which can be affected by the removal of breast tissue. Selecting the correct type and ensuring a proper fit are foundational steps for comfortable daily wear.
Different Types of Breast Prostheses
Prostheses are categorized mainly by their material and how they are secured. Temporary forms, made of soft foam or fiberfill, are lightweight options recommended for the initial weeks following surgery. These forms are gentle on sensitive tissue and provide a soft shape before transitioning to a more permanent option.
The most common long-term solution is a silicone prosthesis, made from a soft, gel-like material encased in a film. Silicone forms are favored for their realistic texture and weight, closely mimicking the feel of natural breast tissue. This weight consideration is intentional, as a full-weight silicone form helps counteract the imbalance caused by breast removal, preventing issues like shoulder drop or neck strain.
A major distinction is between non-adhesive and adhesive forms. Non-adhesive forms are designed to be held securely within a bra pocket, relying on the garment for support and positioning. Adhesive, or contact, prostheses have a sticky backing that attaches directly to the chest wall, allowing the form to move naturally with the body. The choice depends on personal preference, lifestyle, and the stage of post-surgical healing.
Achieving the Right Fit and Sizing
Achieving a correct and comfortable fit precedes daily application, impacting appearance and physical well-being. The prosthesis must be correctly sized to restore symmetry with the remaining breast, or to complement the wearer’s overall frame after a bilateral mastectomy. A well-fitted form prevents shifting and creates a natural profile under clothing.
Weight is an important factor, especially in long-term wear, as the prosthesis’s mass helps maintain a balanced center of gravity and reduces strain on the spine. If the form is too light, it may ride up or shift, while an excessively heavy one can cause discomfort or lead to back and neck pain. Forms come in various shapes, such as triangular, oval, or asymmetrical, to accommodate different surgical sites and body contours.
Consulting a certified mastectomy fitter is highly recommended to ensure the most accurate selection of size, shape, and weight. These professionals take precise measurements and can guide the wearer through different styles. They also ensure the form is positioned correctly on the chest wall for optimal comfort and a seamless outline.
Step-by-Step Daily Application Methods
The method for wearing a breast prosthesis depends on whether it is a non-adhesive form worn in a bra or an adhesive form applied directly to the skin. The most common approach involves using a pocketed mastectomy bra, which is designed with built-in fabric pouches. To wear the form, the prosthesis is slid into the bra’s pocket, ensuring it is properly oriented with the bra cup’s shape.
Non-Adhesive Forms
Once the form is nestled in the pocket, the bra is put on as usual, and the form is adjusted for a smooth appearance and centered alignment. The pocket holds the form close to the chest wall, securing it against movement during daily activities. This method is considered the most comfortable and least irritating, especially for those with sensitive skin or during the early stages of recovery.
Adhesive Forms
For adhesive (contact) prostheses, the application requires clean, dry skin to ensure a secure bond. Any lotions, powders, or oils on the chest wall can interfere with the adhesive’s effectiveness. The protective film is peeled from the back of the prosthesis to expose the sticky surface, which is then carefully positioned onto the chest.
The form should be pressed firmly against the skin for a few seconds to activate the adhesive and create a strong attachment. This direct contact means the prosthesis moves with the body, which can feel more natural and secure than a pocketed form. Some adhesive forms use permanent medical-grade adhesive, while others rely on double-sided adhesive strips that are replaced after each use.
Maintaining and Caring for the Prosthesis
Proper care of the breast prosthesis ensures its longevity and maintains hygiene. Silicone forms should be cleaned daily using lukewarm water and a mild, unscented soap. Harsh chemicals, abrasive cleaners, or products containing oil should be avoided as they can degrade the silicone material.
After washing, the prosthesis should be rinsed thoroughly to remove all soap residue, then gently patted dry or allowed to air dry completely. Never twist or wring the form, as this action can damage the internal structure of the silicone gel.
Care for Adhesive Surfaces
For adhesive forms, the sticky surface requires special attention. This often involves using a manufacturer-recommended cleanser and a soft brush to remove skin oils and lint, followed by air-drying with the adhesive side facing up.
When not being worn, the prosthesis should be stored flat in its original cradle or box to maintain its shape and prevent punctures. Sharp objects, excessive heat, and direct sunlight can damage the form, so storage should be in a cool, dry place. Consistent maintenance maximizes the form’s lifespan and keeps the surface fresh for comfortable daily wear.