The plant known scientifically as Aloe barbadensis miller is a succulent species distinguished by its thick, fleshy leaves that store a clear, viscous gel. This variety is widely cultivated for its medicinal and cosmetic properties, earning it the nickname “The Burn Plant” for its use in soothing skin irritations. The clear inner gel contains over 75 active components, including vitamins, minerals, and polysaccharides, which form the basis of its utility.
Preparing the Leaf and Extracting the Gel
To safely use fresh aloe, begin by selecting a thick, mature leaf from the outer section of the plant, as these contain the highest concentration of gel. Use a clean, sharp knife to make a precise cut at the base of the leaf near the main stem. Immediately stand the cut leaf upright in a container for about 10 to 15 minutes to allow the yellow liquid to completely drain out.
This yellow substance is the aloe latex, which contains aloin, a potent laxative that can cause skin irritation. After draining, wash the leaf thoroughly and remove the serrated edges along the sides. Lay the leaf flat and carefully slice away the green rind from the top layer to expose the clear inner gel.
Once the gel is revealed, scoop the translucent pulp into a clean bowl, or fillet the gel by running a knife between the rind and the gel layer. The extracted gel should be rinsed once or twice to remove any residual latex. Store the prepared gel in an airtight container in the refrigerator for up to one week.
Topical Uses for Skin and Hair
The gel’s high water content, primarily composed of a polysaccharide called acemannan, makes it an effective topical agent for skin hydration and repair. Applying the fresh gel creates a cooling barrier that helps draw heat away from the skin, a benefit often sought for minor burns and sunburn relief. The presence of anti-inflammatory compounds helps to reduce redness and swelling associated with irritation.
For general skincare, the gel serves as a non-greasy moisturizer that seals moisture into the skin without clogging pores. Its ability to stimulate fibroblasts, the cells responsible for producing collagen and elastin, supports skin elasticity and minor wound healing. The gel is also beneficial for the scalp, where its natural enzymes can help break down excess sebum and dead skin cells, promoting a cleaner, soothed environment.
When used on hair, the gel acts as a conditioning agent, reducing inflammation that can cause an itchy scalp. It contains vitamins A, C, and E, which support cell turnover and can contribute to the appearance of healthier, shinier strands. The gel’s light, hydrating nature makes it a suitable natural alternative to heavy conditioners that can weigh down fine hair.
Guidelines for Internal Consumption
Consuming aloe vera is generally done using commercially processed juice or supplements, which are specifically filtered to remove the aloin-containing latex. This purification is necessary because ingesting whole-leaf extract or improperly prepared fresh gel can cause severe abdominal cramping and diarrhea. Only the clear inner gel, free of the yellow sap, is considered safe for human consumption.
For internal use, select products labeled as “decolorized” or “purified aloe vera gel.” These products reduce the aloin level to less than 1 part per million, minimizing the laxative effect. While purified gel may support digestive health, it is advisable to consult a health professional before starting any new internal regimen. This is important if you take other medications, as aloe can interact with certain drugs or affect blood sugar levels.
Maintaining a Healthy Aloe Plant
To ensure a continuous supply of fresh gel, the home grower must provide the succulent with appropriate care, starting with the right location. Aloe plants thrive in bright, indirect sunlight, and placing them near a sunny window that avoids harsh, direct midday sun is ideal. The plant is highly susceptible to root rot, so it requires a well-draining soil mixture, such as a commercial cactus or succulent blend.
Watering should be deep but infrequent, allowing the soil to dry out completely between waterings. This mimics the arid conditions where the plant naturally grows, preventing the roots from sitting in excess moisture. To keep the plant productive, harvest sustainably by only cutting one to two of the largest, outermost leaves at a time. This practice ensures the plant retains enough inner leaves to continue its growth and recovery.