Menstrual pads, also known as sanitary napkins, are a widely used form of external period protection. These disposable products feature an absorbent core that collects menstrual fluid, adhering to the inside of the underwear. Pads offer a straightforward and comfortable method for managing monthly bleeding, requiring no internal insertion. This guide provides a detailed look at selecting, applying, and properly disposing of these hygiene products.
Understanding Pad Types and Absorbency
Selecting the correct pad type is important for maintaining comfort and preventing leaks. Pads are categorized primarily by their absorbency level, which dictates the amount of fluid they can hold. Panty liners are the thinnest option, designed for very light flow, spotting, or as backup protection.
The next levels are labeled regular and heavy, corresponding to moderate and substantial flow days. Super or overnight pads possess the highest absorbency, containing more material to manage the heaviest flow or provide protection during extended sleep. Matching the absorbency level to the flow significantly enhances leak protection.
Pad dimensions also vary in length and shape to accommodate different body types and needs. Longer pads provide greater coverage, useful for individuals with a heavier flow or those who shift positions while sleeping. Shorter, more compact pads are preferred for lighter days and when wearing smaller underwear styles.
Many pads come equipped with adhesive wings, which are flexible flaps that fold underneath the edges of the underwear fabric. Wings secure the pad more firmly to the garment, minimizing shifting, and providing an extra barrier against side leakage. Wingless pads are simpler to apply and best suited for lighter days when movement is minimal.
Step-by-Step Guide to Application and Changing
Applying a fresh pad begins with unwrapping the product and peeling away the paper strip that covers the central adhesive backing. This sticky surface anchors the pad directly to the crotch of the underwear. Position the pad by centering the absorbent material directly over the area where the menstrual flow exits the body.
Careful placement involves aligning the pad centrally from front to back within the gusset of the underwear. The center of the pad should sit roughly beneath the vaginal opening, ensuring the pad is positioned to catch fluid movement. Pressing down firmly on the pad helps the adhesive adhere securely to the fabric.
If the pad includes wings, peel them away from their protective strips after the main body has been affixed. The wings are then smoothly folded over the underside of the underwear fabric, creating a wrap-around effect that stabilizes the pad’s position. This action prevents the pad from bunching up or twisting during physical activity.
When it is time to change the pad, which is necessary when it feels saturated or after a few hours, removal should be done gently. Begin by peeling the wings, if present, away from the underwear fabric, and then slowly pull the entire pad away from the garment. Pulling the pad from one end minimizes the risk of the absorbent material tearing or spilling its contents.
Once the used pad is detached, carefully fold it in on itself, ensuring the soiled side is enclosed within the cleaner outer layer. This compact folding prepares the pad for proper disposal and minimizes contact with the collected fluid.
Hygiene and Proper Disposal
Maintaining good hygiene starts with washing hands thoroughly with soap and water before and after every pad change. This action reduces the transfer of bacteria and contributes to overall cleanliness. The pad should be changed regularly, ideally every three to four hours, even if the flow is light.
Changing the pad frequently prevents the buildup of moisture and bacteria that can lead to skin irritation or odor. For disposal, the folded, used pad should be completely wrapped within its fresh pad wrapper or several layers of toilet paper. This wrapping process seals the pad and makes it more discreet.
The wrapped pad must then be placed into a trash receptacle, such as a small bin in the bathroom. Sanitary pads must never be flushed down a toilet. Flushing pads causes plumbing blockages due to their non-biodegradable, absorbent components.