The common mullein, Verbascum thapsus, is a tall biennial plant with a long history of use in traditional herbalism, particularly for its soothing properties. The small, bright yellow flowers are the primary part used for both internal and topical applications. These flowers contain beneficial compounds, including mucilage and saponins, which contribute to their traditional effects. Learning how to prepare the flowers as an infusion (tea) and an infused oil allows for the practical use of this common herb.
Preparing Mullein Flower Infusions
A mullein flower infusion is prepared using hot water to extract the plant’s water-soluble compounds. For a standard cup, use one to two teaspoons of dried mullein flowers for every eight ounces of boiling water. If using fresh flowers, use slightly more material. Pour the boiling water over the flowers and let the mixture steep for 10 to 15 minutes.
The most important step is thorough straining to remove the tiny hairs, or trichomes, that cover the plant material. These trichomes can cause irritation in the throat if swallowed, making a proper filter mandatory. Strain the liquid through a very fine mesh sieve lined with a coffee filter, muslin cloth, or cheesecloth to catch these fibers. The resulting liquid can then be enjoyed warm.
Making Mullein Flower Infused Oil
Mullein flower-infused oil is primarily used externally, blending the flower’s soothing properties with a carrier oil. Extra virgin olive oil is a common choice due to its stability, but almond or sunflower oil are also suitable. If using fresh flowers, they must be wilted for a day, or used fully dried, to prevent excess moisture that can lead to spoilage and mold growth.
There are two primary methods for infusing the oil. Both involve placing the dried flowers in a clean jar and covering them completely with the chosen oil. The slow, traditional method involves sealing the jar and letting it sit in a warm, sunny location for four to six weeks, gently shaking it daily.
Alternatively, a quicker, low-heat method uses a double boiler, warming the mixture gently for three to five hours. Ensure the temperature remains low. After infusion, the oil must be strained through a fine cloth, squeezing the plant material to extract all the oil. Store the finished product in a cool, dark location, preferably in a dark glass bottle, where it will maintain efficacy for six to twelve months.
Common Applications for Mullein Preparations
The hot water infusion is traditionally consumed to soothe the respiratory system, offering relief for common issues like coughs and congestion. This effect is attributed to the mucilage content, which forms a protective layer over irritated mucous membranes in the throat and lungs. The infusion acts as a demulcent, helping to ease the discomfort associated with a dry cough.
The infused oil is traditionally applied topically, most notably for addressing discomfort associated with the ear. A few drops of the oil, warmed slightly to body temperature, are placed into the affected ear canal. The oil must never be hot, as this could damage the delicate tissues of the ear. The oil’s anti-inflammatory properties also make it useful for minor skin irritations and dry patches.
Essential Safety and Sourcing Guidance
The most important safety consideration is the necessity of straining liquid preparations. The fine, irritating hairs found on the plant material must be removed completely from any infusion intended for internal use to avoid throat irritation. If making infused oil with fresh flowers, ensuring they are wilted first helps minimize water content and prevents the growth of mold or bacteria.
Mullein is considered a gentle herb, but consult a healthcare provider before beginning any new herbal regimen, especially if pregnant, nursing, or taking prescription medications. For sourcing, obtain flowers from a reputable supplier to ensure they are properly dried and identified. If harvesting, choose plants growing in areas free from pollutants.