Diatomaceous Earth (DE) is a naturally occurring, fine, sedimentary rock powder composed of the fossilized remains of single-celled aquatic organisms called diatoms. These microscopic algae constructed intricate shells primarily of silica, which accumulated into large deposits. This article focuses exclusively on the “Food Grade” variety, providing practical instructions for safely using this versatile substance for both internal consumption and external pest control.
Understanding Food Grade Diatomaceous Earth
Food Grade Diatomaceous Earth is chemically distinct from other varieties, such as the industrial filter-grade used in pools, because it contains minimal crystalline silica (typically less than 2%). The majority of its composition (87-94%) is amorphous silica, which is considered safe for consumption. The unique structure of the fossilized diatoms gives the powder its primary mechanism of action.
Each microscopic diatom skeleton has a cylindrical, porous structure that remains highly abrasive and absorbent, acting mechanically rather than chemically. Against pests, the sharp edges physically abrade the insect’s protective waxy exoskeleton, while the porous structure absorbs moisture. This desiccant action leads to fatal dehydration, making it an effective, non-chemical control agent. When consumed, the material passes inertly through the digestive tract.
Application for Internal Consumption
Food Grade DE is used internally as a source of silica to support the health of hair, skin, and nails, and for digestive support. It must be mixed thoroughly with a liquid before consuming, as the powder does not dissolve. Begin with a conservative starting dosage, such as one level teaspoon mixed into at least eight ounces of water, juice, or a smoothie.
The powder settles quickly, so stirring frequently while drinking is necessary to consume the entire dose. Users may gradually increase intake to one tablespoon per day after one to two weeks, but consult a health professional before starting any new supplement. Because of the powder’s absorptive nature, maintaining high fluid intake throughout the day is important when using it internally.
Use for Pets
For pets, the powder can be mixed directly into wet or dry food. Dosages vary based on the animal’s size; for instance, a small pet like a cat might receive about one teaspoon daily, while larger animals require a greater amount. Consistency is important, and the powder is often fed for 60 to 90 days, especially when addressing internal parasites. If an animal is hesitant to consume the treated food, slowly introduce the powder over several days to help them adjust to the texture change.
Application for Pest and Parasite Control
Food Grade DE is effective as a desiccant insecticide when applied in a dry environment. For indoor pest control, use a bellows duster or fine flour sifter to apply a very fine, barely visible layer of powder to target areas. Focus the application on cracks, crevices, baseboards, under appliances, and window sills where insects travel or hide.
When treating carpets or pet bedding for external parasites like fleas, leave the powder in place for at least 8 to 12 hours before thoroughly vacuuming it up. This contact time ensures the powder has sufficient opportunity to affect the insects’ exoskeletons.
Outdoor Use
When using DE outdoors, apply it on a dry, windless day, as moisture immediately reduces its efficacy. Spreading a thin coat around the foundation of a home or around plants creates a protective barrier against crawling pests. If rain or heavy dew occurs, reapplication is necessary once the area is completely dry. To protect beneficial pollinators, avoid dusting flowers and apply the powder later in the evening when these insects are less active.
Essential Safety and Handling Practices
The powder remains a very fine dust, and inhalation is the primary safety concern for humans and pets. Breathing in any fine powder can irritate the respiratory system, even though Food Grade DE has minimal crystalline silica. When dusting large areas or applying the product frequently, wear a dust mask or respirator to prevent lung irritation.
Safety goggles and gloves are recommended for prolonged application to protect the eyes and skin from dryness or minor irritation. If the powder contacts the eyes, rinse them gently with water for 15 to 20 minutes. Store the product in its original, securely sealed container in a dry location, away from moisture and out of the reach of children and pets. Clean up spills using a method that minimizes dust creation, such as vacuuming or carefully sweeping the material into a container.