Using a male urinary collection system, often called a urine bag or external catheter, is a non-invasive method for managing urinary incontinence. This system channels urine away from the skin into a collection container, which helps prevent skin irritation and infection while offering users greater mobility. Before using any system, consult a healthcare professional for proper guidance and device selection.
Understanding Male External Catheter Systems
The male external catheter system consists of two primary components: the external collection device (sheath) and the urine collection bag. The sheath, sometimes called a condom catheter, is a flexible tube designed to fit over the penis to collect urine. These sheaths are typically made from soft, skin-friendly materials like silicone to minimize irritation.
External catheters are available with either a self-adhesive lining or a non-adhesive design requiring a separate skin barrier or adhesive strip for securement. The collection bag attaches via drainage tubing and serves as the urine reservoir. Users generally switch between a smaller leg bag for daytime mobility and a larger bedside bag for overnight use. The leg bag is secured to the thigh or calf with adjustable straps, while the bedside bag hangs from the bed frame.
Step-by-Step Application of the External Catheter
Proper application begins with preparing the skin to ensure the adhesive forms a secure seal and to maintain skin health. Start by thoroughly washing the genital area with mild soap and warm water, then rinse and dry the skin completely. Moisture remaining on the skin can weaken the adhesive and lead to the catheter slipping or causing skin breakdown.
Trim or clip any hair from the base and shaft of the penis to prevent pulling and leakage. Next, use a sizing guide to measure the circumference of the penis in its relaxed state at the widest point. Choosing the correct diameter is important; if you fall between two sizes, selecting the smaller size often provides a more secure fit.
Once the skin is clean and dry, gently roll the catheter onto the penis, much like a condom. Leave a small space, about one-half to one inch, between the tip of the penis and the drainage tip to prevent pressure on the urethra. For uncircumcised men, the foreskin should remain in its natural position over the glans before rolling the catheter on.
The catheter must be unrolled smoothly down the entire shaft without wrinkles or twisting, which could constrict blood flow or create channels for leakage. If the catheter has a self-adhesive lining, gently squeeze the applied sheath for a few seconds to help the adhesive bond securely. The catheter should feel snug but not constricting, as a fit that is too tight can restrict circulation.
Connecting, Securing, and Draining the Collection Bag
After the external catheter is correctly applied, connect it to the drainage system. The catheter tip connects to the extension tubing, which then attaches to the collection bag. Ensure a secure seal by firmly pushing the connector into the catheter’s tapered tip.
The collection bag must always be positioned lower than the bladder to ensure urine drains properly by gravity and prevent backflow. For a leg bag, secure it using the provided straps, ensuring they are snug enough to prevent slipping but not so tight that they restrict circulation. The tubing should have enough slack to allow for movement without pulling on the catheter.
The collection bag needs to be emptied regularly to maintain proper function and hygiene. A leg bag should be drained when it is approximately half to two-thirds full. To drain the bag, open the drain valve at the bottom, allowing the urine to flow into the toilet or a container without touching the spout. After the bag is empty, close the drain valve securely.
Hygiene, Skin Care, and Troubleshooting
Maintaining strict hygiene is important for preventing skin irritation and infection. The external catheter should be changed and the underlying skin cleaned daily, typically every 24 hours. When removing the catheter, gently roll it off the penis; using a warm, wet washcloth can help loosen the adhesive for comfortable removal.
After removal, wash the penis and surrounding skin with mild soap and warm water to remove any adhesive residue, then thoroughly dry before applying a new device. Daily skin inspection is important to check for signs of redness, swelling, sores, or irritation, which may indicate an issue with sizing or application technique.
Cleaning the Drainage Bag
The reusable drainage bag requires daily cleaning to prevent bacterial buildup, usually done after emptying the bag in the morning. A common cleaning method involves flushing the bag with a mixture of three parts water to one part white vinegar, or a mild bleach solution. Allow the solution to soak briefly before rinsing with clean water.
Troubleshooting Common Issues
Common problems include leakage, often resolved by re-checking the fit with a sizing guide, and tubing blockages, which require checking the tubing for kinks or twists. If pain, a persistent rash, fever, or a strong odor develops, contact a healthcare provider immediately, as these may be signs of a complication or infection.