A neti pot is a device designed to perform nasal irrigation, a process that uses a saline solution to flush out the nasal passages. This practice helps clear congestion, reduce symptoms from allergies or colds, and soothe dry nasal membranes. The gentle flow of the saltwater solution washes away excess mucus, irritants, and debris, restoring better nasal airflow and comfort. Using a neti pot bottle correctly involves careful preparation of the solution, a specific rinsing technique, and diligent cleaning of the device itself.
Preparing the Saline Solution and Water
The most important step in using a neti pot safely is ensuring the water is sterile before mixing it with salt. Never use untreated tap water directly from the sink, as it is not adequately filtered or treated for nasal rinsing. Tap water can contain low levels of microorganisms, which are generally harmless when swallowed but can cause serious infections when introduced directly into the nasal passages. This includes the rare but severe risk of infection from organisms like Naegleria fowleri or Acanthamoeba, making water sterilization an absolute necessity.
You must use water labeled as distilled or sterile, which is available commercially. Alternatively, you can prepare safe water by boiling tap water vigorously for three to five minutes and then allowing it to cool until it is lukewarm. The water temperature should be comfortable to the touch, as water that is too hot can damage the delicate nasal lining. This boiled and cooled water can be stored in a clean, closed container for use within 24 hours.
Once the water is prepared, create the saline solution by mixing it with a high-quality salt. Use non-iodized salt, such as pickling or canning salt, as the iodine or anti-caking agents in regular table salt can irritate the nasal lining. A common ratio is one teaspoon of the saline mixture for every eight ounces (one cup) of lukewarm sterile water. Adding a small amount of baking soda, such as a quarter or half teaspoon, helps to buffer the solution and make the rinse feel less irritating.
Step-by-Step Guide to Nasal Rinsing
The rinsing procedure should be performed while standing over a sink or tub, allowing the solution to drain away easily. Start by filling the neti pot bottle with the prepared, lukewarm saline solution. Lean forward at the waist and tilt your head sideways at approximately a 45-degree angle, ensuring your forehead and chin remain relatively level.
Gently place the tip or spout of the neti pot into the upper nostril, forming a comfortable seal. Breathe continuously through your open mouth during the entire process; this prevents the solution from flowing down the back of your throat. Slowly tip the neti pot bottle and allow the saline solution to flow into the upper nostril.
If the positioning is correct, the solution will travel through the nasal passage and exit out of the lower nostril into the sink. Allow about half of the solution to flow through the first side. Remove the spout, bring your head back up to a neutral position, and gently blow your nose to clear out any remaining solution and loosened mucus. Avoid blowing too hard, which can cause pressure in the ears.
Repeat the process on the opposite side, tilting your head in the other direction and using the remaining solution for the second nostril. After the second rinse, clear both nostrils again by gently blowing your nose into a tissue. If any solution drains into your throat, simply spit it out.
Cleaning and Storing Your Neti Pot Bottle
Maintaining the cleanliness of your neti pot is important to prevent the growth of bacteria and other microbes. After each use, immediately discard any leftover saline solution, as stale water can become a breeding ground for germs. Rinse the neti pot bottle, including the spout and cap, with clean, sterile water.
To thoroughly clean the device, fill the pot with warm sterile water and add a few drops of mild dish soap. Shake the bottle vigorously to agitate the soapy water, and use a clean bottle brush to scrub the interior, paying close attention to the spout. Rinse the entire device thoroughly with sterile water until all traces of soap are gone, as soap residue can irritate the nasal passages during the next use.
Allowing the neti pot to air-dry completely is necessary before storage. Shake out excess water and place the bottle and its components upside down on a clean paper towel or drying rack in a well-ventilated area. Do not screw the cap back on or store the bottle in a sealed container while moisture remains, as this traps humidity and promotes microbial growth. Plastic neti pots should be replaced every three months to prevent the buildup of bacteria in microscopic scratches or cracks.