Teeth grinding, medically known as bruxism, is an involuntary condition that often results in significant dental damage over time. A mouth guard, or night guard, is the most common non-invasive treatment for this issue. It functions by creating a physical barrier between the upper and lower teeth, cushioning them against the intense forces generated by clenching and grinding. Consistent use of this device is a highly effective way to prevent tooth wear, fractures, jaw pain, and headaches associated with bruxism.
Choosing the Right Guard for You
Selecting the appropriate mouth guard involves choosing from three main categories. The most accessible option is the pre-formed, ready-to-wear guard. This type is the most cost-effective but offers a generic, one-size-fits-all shape. These guards are typically the least comfortable and least effective because they do not conform precisely to the dental structure.
A common middle-ground choice is the “boil-and-bite” guard, found over-the-counter. These are made from thermoplastic material that softens in hot water and can be molded by biting down. This process provides a slightly customized fit that balances cost and effectiveness. While more comfortable than pre-formed guards, they still do not offer the precise fit of a professionally made device.
The gold standard for protection and comfort is the custom-made guard, prescribed by a dentist. These guards are fabricated in a dental lab from an impression of your teeth, ensuring a perfect fit. Although significantly more expensive, often ranging from $300 to $800, their superior fit and material longevity make them a better investment. Custom guards also come in different materials, such as soft plastic for mild grinding, or hard acrylic for more severe cases.
Initial Fitting Procedures
If you opt for a boil-and-bite guard, proper fitting is essential to achieve a snug and protective device. Begin by gathering the guard, a pot for boiling water, a bowl of cold water, and tongs. Follow the manufacturer’s specific heating time, generally between 25 and 60 seconds, to soften the guard in boiling water.
Use the tongs to carefully remove the softened guard and let it cool for a few seconds until it is warm but not scalding. Place the guard over your upper teeth, aligning the center, and firmly bite down. Use your fingers to press the material against the outside of your teeth and gums; sucking inward helps create a tight seal.
Hold this position for 30 to 60 seconds to allow the impression to set. Then, remove the guard and place it into the bowl of cold water to finalize the shape. If the fit feels too loose or irritates your gums, the thermoplastic material can often be remolded by repeating the process. A proper fit should feel secure enough to stay in place without using your tongue.
Establishing a Nightly Usage Routine
Wearing a mouth guard every night requires a short adjustment period. Most individuals adapt to the feeling of the guard within three to seven days, though full comfort may take up to two weeks. To ease this transition, try wearing the guard for 30 minutes before you intend to sleep, such as while reading or watching television.
A common side effect during the first few nights is excessive salivation or drooling, as the mouth perceives the guard as a foreign object. This reaction is harmless and subsides as your body adjusts to the device. You may also experience minor discomfort or mild soreness in your teeth, gums, or jaw for the first two weeks, which indicates that your jaw muscles are adapting.
It is important to wear the guard every night to ensure its effectiveness in protecting your teeth and relieving symptoms. If you experience persistent jaw pain or if the guard feels like it is shifting your teeth, consult a dental professional. Consistent use protects your teeth and allows your jaw to relax into a less strained position, leading to long-term relief.
Cleaning, Storage, and Replacement
Maintaining the hygiene of your mouth guard is necessary for its longevity and your oral health. Every morning after use, rinse the guard under lukewarm water to wash away saliva and debris. Scrub gently using a soft-bristled toothbrush and either a mild, non-abrasive soap or a non-whitening toothpaste. Avoid using hot water, as the heat can permanently warp the guard’s shape and compromise its fit.
Storage
After cleaning, allow the mouth guard to air-dry completely on a clean, flat surface before storing it. Storing a damp guard promotes the growth of bacteria and mildew, which can lead to unpleasant odors. The device should be kept in a clean, vented case. This protects it from dust and damage while allowing air circulation. Keep the case away from direct sunlight or extreme heat, which can cause the material to distort.
Replacement
A mouth guard requires replacement when signs of wear appear. Guards used for light grinding may last 12 to 24 months, while those used by heavy grinders may only last 3 to 6 months. Look for visible signs such as thinning of the material, tears, cracks, or a noticeable change in fit. These issues indicate reduced effectiveness and necessitate replacement.