A hospital urinal is a portable container designed to collect urine from patients who have mobility limitations or are confined to a bed. This device allows patients to void without traveling to a restroom, which is especially important following surgery or injury. Urinals are integral to monitoring a patient’s fluid balance, tracking all liquids consumed and excreted to assess kidney function and hydration status. Healthcare staff prioritize patient privacy and comfort during the process.
Identifying the Correct Urinal Type
The portable urinals used in a hospital setting are differentiated by design to accommodate different anatomy. The standard male urinal is a plastic bottle with a narrow, angled neck, contoured for use by male patients, often featuring a handle. This design minimizes the risk of spillage when used in a lying or sitting position. Female patients generally use a bedpan or a “hat” collection device placed within a commode or toilet for measurement purposes. If you are unsure which device has been provided, always ask a nurse or assistant to confirm the correct type.
Step-by-Step Guide for Male Patients
Proper positioning is the first step when preparing to use the male urinal bottle. For maximum ease and comfort, a patient should ideally be in a semi-sitting position, with the head of the bed slightly elevated. If sitting is not possible, the device can be used while lying on the back or side, though this requires careful placement to prevent leaks. The patient or an assistant should position the neck of the urinal so the entire penis is contained within the opening. Ensure a secure seal between the skin and the plastic opening to direct the flow of urine completely into the container.
Technique Considerations for Female Patients
Using a bedpan or female urinal often requires more maneuvering due to the necessary positioning. Female patients who are bedridden will usually require the assistance of a nurse or aide to safely position the collection device. The most common method involves a bedpan, which requires the patient to lift their hips slightly while the flat, curved device is slid underneath. If a patient cannot lift their hips, staff can assist by gently rolling the patient onto one side, placing the bedpan against the buttocks, and then rolling the patient back onto the device. The nurse will ensure the patient is covered with a sheet to maintain privacy and dignity throughout the process.
Disposal, Hygiene, and Calling for Help
Once voiding is complete, signal the nursing staff immediately. Patients should not attempt to empty or dispose of the contents themselves, as the nurse must measure the volume for the patient’s Intake and Output (I&O) chart, a critical record used to monitor fluid balance and kidney function. The full urinal should be placed on a secure, stable surface, like a bedside table or hanging on the bed rail, with the opening sealed or covered to prevent spills. After securing the device, patients should use a hand wipe or sanitizer to clean their hands before ringing the call bell. The nurse will then collect the urinal, measure the volume, and dispose of the contents.