A sprinkler system uses pipes and valves to deliver water to landscape areas, typically managed by an automated controller. Manually activating the system means bypassing the programmed schedule to initiate watering on demand. This is useful for testing newly installed zones, troubleshooting malfunctions, or providing supplemental water during a dry spell. The process involves either interacting with the electronic controller or mechanically operating the valves in the ground.
Essential System Checks Before Manual Operation
Before manual operation, confirm that preparatory steps are complete to ensure a safe and effective run. The main water supply line must be fully open to allow pressurized water to reach the valves. This shut-off point is often a ball valve near the water meter or where the main line enters the property, and it is fully open when its handle is parallel to the pipe. Open the valve slowly to prevent water hammer, a pressure surge that can damage pipes and components. If your system includes a backflow prevention device, its shut-off valves must also be open. Finally, the electronic controller needs to be powered on and displaying the correct time, as automatic valves cannot receive the necessary electrical signal if the controller is off.
Manual Activation Using the Controller Interface
Operating the system manually through the controller is the simplest and most common method for a quick water application. Most modern controllers, whether dial or digital, have dedicated settings for manual control, often labeled “Manual,” “Test Program,” or “Run Zone.” This method uses the controller’s electronics to send an electrical signal to the valve’s solenoid, opening the valve to release water to the zone. For testing purposes, a “Test Program” or “Manual All Stations” function sequentially cycles through every programmed zone for a short, predetermined duration. This is an efficient way to check the function of all heads and identify any leaks.
To run a single zone, the user typically turns the dial to the “Manual Single Station” position or selects the individual zone on a digital display. After selecting the zone, the user sets a specific watering duration, overriding the programmed schedule. Once the time is set, turning the dial back to the “Run” position or pressing a dedicated “Start” button initiates the watering cycle. If the controller has an active “Rain Delay” or “Off” setting, this must be bypassed or canceled before manual operation can begin.
Operating Individual Zone Valves Directly
Direct operation of the zone valves bypasses the controller entirely. This is the preferred method for troubleshooting electrical issues or when the controller is inaccessible or non-functional. These valves are typically housed in underground boxes, often near the area they irrigate. Accessing the valve box allows for two mechanical methods of activation.
Using the Solenoid
One method involves manually turning the solenoid, the black cylindrical component on top of the valve where the wires connect. Grasping the solenoid and turning it counter-clockwise by about a quarter or half turn physically lifts the diaphragm inside the valve, allowing water to flow to the zone. The valve is shut off by turning the solenoid back clockwise until it is finger-tight.
Using the Bleed Screw
The second mechanical method uses the manual bleed screw, a small screw or knob located on the body of the valve. Twisting this screw counter-clockwise, often requiring less than a half turn, releases the pressure above the valve’s diaphragm, causing the valve to open. A small amount of water may leak out of the screw opening when using this method, which is a normal occurrence and indicates the activation mechanism is engaged.
Returning the System to Automatic Mode
After completing manual watering or testing, return the system to its normal state to ensure the programmed schedule resumes. If the controller interface was used, the main dial must be moved from the “Manual” or “Test” position back to the “Auto,” “Run,” or “System On” setting. Leaving the controller in the manual or off position will prevent scheduled watering cycles from running. For valves activated directly in the ground, both the solenoid and the bleed screw must be securely returned to the closed position by tightening them clockwise. Confirming the controller screen displays the current time and date is the final step to verify the system is prepared for its next automatic cycle.