Trench mouth, formally known as Acute Necrotizing Ulcerative Gingivitis (ANUG), is a severe and painful gum infection that can lead to tissue destruction. Prompt treatment is important to manage the infection and prevent complications. Trench mouth is not contagious and cannot be spread from person to person.
Understanding Trench Mouth
Trench mouth typically arises from an overgrowth of bacteria in the mouth. This bacterial imbalance is often triggered by poor oral hygiene, smoking, elevated stress levels, inadequate nutrition, or a compromised immune system. Specific bacteria, including Fusobacterium and spirochetes, are frequently associated with this infection.
Symptoms can appear suddenly and include severe pain in the gums, easy bleeding, and a foul odor. A characteristic gray pseudomembrane may cover the affected gum areas. In some cases, individuals may also experience systemic symptoms like fever, fatigue, or swollen lymph nodes.
Professional Treatment Approaches
Professional dental intervention is necessary for effective treatment. A dentist will perform gentle debridement, which involves cleaning to remove dead tissue, plaque, and tartar from the affected gums and teeth. This process helps reduce bacterial load and promotes healing.
Following debridement, dental professionals may prescribe antibiotics to combat the infection and prevent its spread. Common antibiotics used include metronidazole or penicillin. If there are signs of systemic involvement, such as fever, antibiotics become important. Pain relievers may also be recommended to manage discomfort, allowing for better oral hygiene during recovery.
Home Care During Recovery
Alongside professional treatment, consistent home care supports healing and alleviates discomfort. Gentle oral hygiene is important, such as using a soft-bristled toothbrush once the gums are less sensitive. Rinsing with warm salt water or non-alcoholic mouthwashes can help reduce bacteria and soothe inflamed tissues. A diluted hydrogen peroxide solution is another option for rinsing.
Avoiding irritants is beneficial during recovery. This includes avoiding smoking, alcohol, and hot or spicy foods. Maintaining a soft diet can prevent irritation to sensitive gums. Adequate rest and proper hydration also contribute to the body’s healing capacity.
Preventing Recurrence
Preventing recurrence involves consistent long-term strategies focused on oral health and well-being. Maintaining excellent daily oral hygiene is fundamental, which includes regular brushing twice a day and flossing daily to remove plaque and food debris. Regular dental check-ups and professional cleanings are also important for removing tartar and monitoring gum health.
Lifestyle adjustments can also help reduce the risk of recurrence. Managing stress can support immune function. Avoiding smoking weakens gum tissue and increases susceptibility to infections. A balanced diet rich in vitamins and minerals, especially vitamin C, contributes to healthy gums and an immune system.