Fiberglass, a synthetic material composed of numerous fine glass fibers, is a common component in building insulation, appliances, and various construction materials. These microscopic fibers can become airborne when disturbed, posing a concern for inhalation. Their physical properties, particularly their small, sharp nature, make them capable of irritating the respiratory system upon contact.
Immediate First Aid Steps
Moving to fresh air is the immediate step after suspected fiberglass inhalation. If skin contact occurs, refrain from rubbing or scratching the affected area, as this can embed fibers deeper, increasing irritation. Instead, wash exposed skin thoroughly with warm water and mild soap, gently wiping with a washcloth to remove fibers.
Showering as soon as possible helps dislodge remaining fibers from the skin and hair. For visible fibers on the skin, carefully apply and gently peel off adhesive tape to extract them. If eyes are irritated, flush them continuously with running water for at least 15 minutes, lifting eyelids to dislodge particles.
When to Seek Professional Help
Seek professional medical attention if symptoms persist or worsen after initial first aid. Signs include persistent cough, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest pain, or severe eye irritation that does not subside.
Individuals with pre-existing respiratory conditions, such as asthma or bronchitis, should be vigilant, as fiberglass exposure can aggravate these conditions, requiring prompt evaluation. Signs of infection, like swelling, pus, or warmth where fibers might be embedded, also warrant medical assessment.
Medical Approaches
Medical treatment for fiberglass inhalation focuses on managing symptoms and preventing complications, as there is no specific antidote for the fibers themselves. Healthcare professionals may prescribe medications to alleviate respiratory distress. Bronchodilators might be used to open airways if breathing difficulties are present.
Skin irritation can be treated with antihistamines or topical corticosteroids to reduce itching and inflammation. For persistent eye irritation, eye drops may be recommended. If fibers are deeply embedded or visible, a medical professional might attempt their removal. Secondary infections are monitored, and antibiotics may be prescribed if a bacterial infection develops. Skin irritation often resolves within a few days once particles are removed.
Preventing Re-exposure
Preventing future fiberglass inhalation involves using personal protective equipment (PPE). Wear long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and gloves to minimize skin contact. Eye protection, such as safety glasses or goggles, is essential to prevent irritation and damage.
For respiratory protection, an N95 particulate respirator helps filter airborne fibers. Ensure adequate ventilation by opening windows, doors, or using fans to reduce airborne fiber concentration. Cleanup procedures are important: use wet methods, like wet mops and cloths, and HEPA-filtered vacuums to clean surfaces, as dry sweeping stirs up fibers. Wash contaminated work clothes separately, and rinse the washing machine afterward to prevent fiber transfer.