Conjunctivitis, commonly known as pink eye, refers to the inflammation of the conjunctiva. This transparent membrane lines the inner surface of the eyelid and covers the white part of the eyeball. Pink eye is a common condition that can affect people of all ages, often causing the eye to appear red or pink due to the inflamed blood vessels.
Characteristics of Viral Pink Eye
Viral pink eye presents with a watery discharge from the affected eye. This discharge is clear and thin. The infection begins in one eye and can then spread to the other eye within a few days. Individuals with viral conjunctivitis are often accompanied by cold or flu-like symptoms, such as a runny nose or a sore throat.
The eyes may feel itchy or gritty. Swelling of the lymph nodes in front of the ear can occur. Viral pink eye is highly contagious and spreads through direct contact with eye secretions or contaminated surfaces. Symptoms resolve on their own within one to two weeks.
Characteristics of Bacterial Pink Eye
Bacterial pink eye is characterized by a thick, pus-like discharge from the eye. This discharge can be yellow, green, or white and often causes the eyelids to stick together, especially upon waking in the morning. The affected eye appears red and swollen. While it can affect both eyes, bacterial conjunctivitis can start in one eye.
Children with bacterial pink eye may also have associated conditions like an ear infection or strep throat. Like viral pink eye, it is contagious. It spreads through direct contact with eye discharge or contaminated objects. Antibiotic eye drops or ointments are prescribed to treat bacterial infections.
Differentiating Key Symptoms
Distinguishing between viral and bacterial pink eye primarily relies on the type of eye discharge. Viral pink eye produces a clear, watery discharge, contrasting with the thick, pus-like discharge of bacterial infections. Viral conjunctivitis is often accompanied by cold or flu-like symptoms, while bacterial pink eye may be linked to other bacterial infections like ear infections or strep throat.
Other key differences include the pattern of spread, with viral pink eye often moving from one eye to the other. Viral infections are also more likely to cause a gritty sensation, itching, and swollen lymph nodes in front of the ear. While viral pink eye typically resolves on its own, bacterial forms usually require antibiotic treatment.
When to Consult a Doctor
Seeking medical attention for pink eye is important. You should consult a doctor if you experience severe eye pain or changes in your vision, like blurred vision or light sensitivity. Consult a doctor if your symptoms worsen or do not improve after a few days. Extreme redness of the eye is another sign to see a doctor.
Always consult a healthcare professional if you are unsure about the cause of your pink eye. Only a doctor can accurately diagnose and recommend the appropriate course of action. They ensure proper treatment and rule out more serious eye conditions.