Hemorrhoids are swollen veins located in or around the rectum and anus. They can become thrombosed when a blood clot forms inside, leading to increased pressure. This pressure can cause the hemorrhoid to burst, resulting in a sudden release of blood and other symptoms. Understanding how to identify a burst hemorrhoid and what steps to take afterwards can help in managing the situation.
Identifying a Burst Hemorrhoid
When a hemorrhoid bursts, the most noticeable sign is bleeding. This blood is typically bright red and may be seen in the toilet bowl, on toilet paper after wiping, or streaked on the stool. The amount is usually small to moderate and should not be gushing. Bleeding from a burst hemorrhoid typically lasts from a few seconds to about 10 minutes.
A sudden change in pain indicates a burst hemorrhoid, particularly a thrombosed one. Before bursting, a thrombosed hemorrhoid causes constant and severe pain due to internal pressure. Once it ruptures, many individuals experience immediate relief as the pressure is released.
Other signs include a watery or mucus-like discharge from the anal area. For external hemorrhoids, the lump may appear smaller or less swollen after bursting.
What to Do Immediately
If a hemorrhoid bursts, maintaining proper hygiene in the affected area is important. Gently clean the area with warm water and mild soap after each bowel movement. Avoid vigorous wiping; instead, use soft, moist toilet paper or specialized wipes to prevent further irritation.
Applying gentle pressure with a clean cloth can help if bleeding persists, though excessive force should be avoided. Warm water soaks, known as sitz baths, are recommended to soothe discomfort and promote healing. Soak in a few inches of warm water for 15 to 20 minutes, two to three times a day.
Over-the-counter pain relievers like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can help manage any remaining discomfort. Topical creams or ointments containing ingredients such as lidocaine, hydrocortisone, or witch hazel also provide relief from pain and irritation.
When to Get Medical Attention
While many burst hemorrhoids can be managed with home care, certain signs indicate the need for professional medical attention. Seek immediate care if you experience excessive bleeding, such as continuous gushing, large blood clots, or if the bleeding lasts for more than 10 minutes. Symptoms like dizziness or lightheadedness alongside bleeding also warrant urgent evaluation.
Severe pain that cannot be managed with over-the-counter remedies or pain that significantly worsens should prompt a medical visit. Signs of infection, including fever, increased redness, swelling, or the presence of pus or foul-smelling discharge, also necessitate prompt medical consultation.
If symptoms persist or worsen despite several days to a week of diligent home care, consult a healthcare provider. Any rectal bleeding should always be evaluated by a doctor to ensure it is not a sign of a more serious underlying condition, such as an anal fissure or colorectal cancer.