Determining a baby squirrel’s sex is helpful, particularly if it requires temporary care before being returned to the wild or placed with a wildlife rehabilitator. While challenging with very young squirrels, specific physical indicators offer clarity.
Examining Physical Indicators
The most reliable method for determining a baby squirrel’s sex involves observing the anogenital distance, the space between the anus and the genital opening. In male squirrels, there is a noticeable separation between these two apertures. This distance is typically around 1 centimeter (0.4 inches), accounting for the developing male genitalia. If the skin in this area is gently stretched, a small, slightly raised area where the penis will eventually be located might be felt.
Conversely, in female squirrels, the anus and vulva are positioned much closer, often appearing almost as a single opening with very little to no space. The female’s genital opening is generally slit-like or teardrop-shaped, contrasting with the male’s more prominent or rounded developing structure.
Age-Related Appearance Differences
The clarity of these physical indicators varies with the baby squirrel’s age. For very young squirrels, particularly those less than three weeks old, the genitalia might not be fully developed, making accurate sex determination more challenging, as differences in anogenital distance are less pronounced.
The method becomes more reliable as the squirrel ages a few weeks, with genitalia developing and spacing differences becoming clearer. Patience and careful observation are important with very young kits, whose underdeveloped features require a discerning eye. While some sources suggest differences are clear from day one, it’s generally easier as they mature slightly.
Safe Handling for Examination
To safely examine a baby squirrel, handle it gently to prevent stress or injury to both the animal and handler. Wearing animal handling gloves is advisable to protect against bites, scratches, and disease transmission. Baby squirrels can develop sharp teeth between three and six weeks of age, making gloves especially useful.
Before examination, ensure the baby squirrel is warm, as hypothermia is a risk. Use a soft cloth to gently wrap the squirrel for warmth and security. To inspect the anogenital area, carefully turn the squirrel belly-up, supporting its body properly. Avoid holding it by the tail, as this can cause injury. Observe the distance and appearance of the two openings between the base of the tail and the abdomen.