Knee tendonitis, often referred to as Jumper’s Knee when it affects the patellar tendon, involves irritation and pain directly below the kneecap. This condition arises from overuse and repetitive strain, particularly from activities involving jumping or rapid changes in direction. Taping offers a mechanical strategy to manage this discomfort by providing external support to the tendon and patella. The goal of using tape is to reduce the strain on the affected tendon, facilitate proper tracking of the kneecap, and offer sensory feedback during movement.
Pre-Taping Safety and Preparation
Materials and Skin Preparation
Before applying any tape, gather the necessary materials. Proper skin preparation is important to ensure the adhesive adheres effectively and lasts for the intended duration. Clean the skin thoroughly to remove any oils, lotions, or sweat, and dry the area completely before starting the application.
- Kinesiology tape for dynamic support
- Rigid athletic tape for stronger stabilization
- Pre-wrap or under-wrap to protect the skin
- Sharp scissors
- A skin cleaner such as rubbing alcohol
Contraindications
Taping should not be used in certain situations. Avoid applying tape over open wounds, cuts, or areas with an active skin infection. Taping should also be avoided if you have severe swelling, deep vein thrombosis, or known allergies to the tape’s adhesive. If the pain is severe, if you cannot bear weight, or if you suspect a serious injury, consult a healthcare provider before attempting self-taping.
Kinesiology Taping Application for Tendon Relief
Kinesiology tape (KT) is an elastic material designed to mimic the elasticity of skin, offering dynamic support without restricting the full range of motion. For patellar tendonitis, the application aims to lift the skin over the painful tendon, which may help to reduce pressure on pain receptors and improve fluid circulation. A common method involves using two “I” strips.
Begin by cutting an “I” strip long enough to run from the middle of the thigh down to the shin, rounding the tape’s edges to prevent premature peeling. The knee should be positioned in a slightly bent position (30 to 45 degrees) to prevent the tape from becoming too tight when the leg straightens. Anchor the first end of the strip with zero tension on the thigh, then apply moderate tension (25 to 50%) as you pass directly over the patellar tendon.
Reduce the tension back to zero for the final anchor point below the kneecap on the shin. A second “I” strip can be applied horizontally with significant tension (around 75%) directly over the tendon insertion point, creating a localized offloading effect, similar to a strap. After all strips are placed, vigorously rub the tape to activate the adhesive, ensuring a strong bond to the skin.
Rigid Taping Methods for Patellar Stabilization
Rigid athletic tape provides a stronger mechanical hold and is often used to limit specific movements or correct patellar position. This type of taping requires the use of a hypoallergenic under-wrap directly on the skin to prevent irritation from the strong adhesive. The purpose of rigid taping is to physically shift the kneecap’s alignment or create a firm strap effect to reduce strain on the tendon during activity.
One technique for patellar tendonitis is creating a patellar strap using the rigid tape, which is often more effective for strong mechanical unloading. With the knee slightly bent, a strip of rigid tape is applied firmly around the knee, just below the kneecap, directly over the patellar tendon. This application applies a compressive force that shortens the tendon’s functional length, decreasing the pull on its attachment point.
The tape must be applied with firm tension across the front of the knee to achieve the desired support, but gently around the back to avoid restricting circulation. Rigid tape is designed to physically restrict motion and should not be worn for prolonged periods due to the risk of skin irritation. This method is utilized for support during specific activities rather than for continuous wear.
Wear Time, Removal, and Medical Consultation
Wear Time and Removal
Kinesiology tape can be worn for three to five days before replacement, though removal is necessary sooner if the edges peel or if skin irritation occurs. Rigid tape applications, especially those used for high mechanical support, should be removed within 48 hours to minimize the risk of skin breakdown. Always remove the tape immediately if you experience increased pain, numbness, tingling, or excessive itching beneath the application.
For safe removal, gently peel the tape back slowly, pulling it in the direction of hair growth while pressing down on the skin near the peeling edge. Using a small amount of oil, such as baby oil or massage oil, on the tape’s surface can help dissolve the adhesive, making the process less painful and preventing skin stripping. Never rip the tape off quickly, as this can cause significant irritation.
When to Consult a Professional
While self-taping can provide temporary relief, it is only one part of managing tendonitis. If the pain worsens after taping, if symptoms persist for more than a week despite consistent self-care, or if you develop severe bruising or swelling, professional medical advice is necessary. A physical therapist or physician can provide an accurate diagnosis, correct any underlying biomechanical issues, and recommend a comprehensive treatment and rehabilitation plan.