Osgood-Schlatter Disease (OSD) is a common cause of knee pain affecting growing adolescents, usually during periods of rapid growth and increased physical activity. This condition involves irritation and inflammation where the patellar tendon connects to the shinbone, just below the kneecap. Applying supportive tape can effectively manage discomfort by reducing strain on this sensitive area. This article provides step-by-step instructions for applying kinesiology tape to help alleviate OSD pain.
The Source of Knee Pain in Osgood-Schlatter
The discomfort associated with OSD originates from a stress injury at the tibial tubercle, the bony bump on the front of the shinbone below the kneecap. In growing adolescents, this area is a vulnerable growth plate made of cartilage. Repetitive activities like running and jumping cause the quadriceps muscles to contract, transmitting a strong pulling force through the patellar tendon to the tibial tubercle. This repeated traction causes microtrauma, leading to inflammation and the characteristic pain of OSD. Taping mitigates this excessive pulling force, de-loading the patellar tendon’s insertion point without immobilizing the knee joint.
Preparation and Supplies Needed
Before applying the tape, gather a roll of elastic kinesiology tape and sharp scissors. Kinesiology tape is the preferred material because its flexibility allows for a full range of motion while providing tension relief, unlike more rigid athletic tapes. The skin over the knee must be clean and completely dry to ensure the adhesive sticks properly and remains effective during activity.
To prevent premature lifting, round the corners of the tape strips before application. Measure and cut two pieces of tape: a shorter strip (about 4–6 inches) for horizontal decompression and a longer strip (about 8–10 inches) for vertical support. Applying the tape at least 30 minutes before activity allows the heat-activated adhesive to fully bond with the skin.
Step-by-Step Taping Technique
Begin the application with the person sitting, the affected knee bent to approximately a 90-degree angle. This position slightly stretches the quadriceps and patellar tendon. Locate the prominent and painful tibial tubercle, which is the target area for tension relief. The first, shorter strip of tape will be applied horizontally to lift the skin and de-load the tissue over the tender spot.
Tear the backing paper in the center of the short strip. Apply a moderate stretch (50 to 75 percent of maximum elasticity) directly over the tibial tubercle. Smooth down the center, then carefully lay down the anchors on either side of the leg without tension. This initial strip acts as a decompression zone, reducing pressure on the inflamed area.
Next, take the longer strip of tape, which runs vertically to support the patellar tendon. Start just below the horizontal anchor, applying the first anchor on the shinbone with no tension. Tear the backing paper and apply a light stretch (roughly 25 percent of maximum) up the center of the leg, avoiding direct placement on the kneecap.
The tape should run parallel to the patellar tendon, up and over the kneecap, ending on the lower part of the quadriceps muscle. Secure the final anchor on the thigh without tension. Gently rub all the tape strips to create friction and activate the adhesive. This two-strip technique reduces tension on the patellar tendon, assisting the strained growth plate while maintaining full mobility.
Using Taping as Part of a Complete Recovery Plan
Taping offers symptomatic relief but is only one component of a comprehensive recovery strategy for OSD. The condition is self-limiting, meaning it resolves naturally once the growth plate matures and fuses into solid bone. During recovery, relative rest and modifying activities that worsen the pain are necessary to allow inflammation to subside.
After physically demanding activity, apply ice to the painful tubercle for about 20 minutes to manage local inflammation. Gentle stretching exercises for the quadriceps and hamstring muscles are also beneficial, as tightness increases tension on the patellar tendon. Consult a medical professional or physical therapist to establish an appropriate regimen of stretches and strengthening exercises, such as straight leg raises, to improve lower extremity mechanics.
The tape can typically be worn for three to five days, even through showering. However, it should be removed if it causes skin irritation or itching. If knee pain significantly worsens, persists despite conservative measures, or involves excessive swelling, consult a doctor or physical therapist. Relying solely on tape while continuing high-intensity activity may prolong the overall recovery period.