Wisdom tooth removal is a common surgical procedure, and some bleeding is expected immediately afterward. This post-extraction oozing is a normal part of healing, as the body forms a protective blood clot in the empty tooth socket. A small amount of blood mixed with saliva can make the bleeding look heavier than it actually is, but it typically subsides within the first 24 to 48 hours. Managing this initial bleeding correctly is the first step toward a smooth recovery.
Step-by-Step Guide to Stopping Bleeding
The most effective way to control bleeding is by applying firm, consistent pressure directly to the surgical site. Start by folding a clean piece of gauze into a small, tight pad thick enough to cover the socket completely. Moisten the gauze slightly with water to prevent it from sticking to the forming blood clot.
Position the folded gauze directly over the extraction site and bite down with steady pressure for a minimum of 45 to 60 minutes. This compresses the blood vessels, allowing the clot to solidify undisturbed. Do not frequently check the gauze, as removing it too soon can dislodge the fragile clot and cause bleeding to restart.
If bleeding persists after the initial hour, a moistened black tea bag is an effective alternative. Black tea contains tannic acid, which acts as an astringent by causing small blood vessels to constrict. This helps accelerate the formation of a stable blood clot. Steep the tea bag, squeeze out the excess liquid, and place it directly over the wound, biting down for 30 minutes.
Common Actions That Worsen Bleeding
Protecting the newly formed blood clot is the primary goal after wisdom tooth removal. Several common actions can inadvertently dislodge it, causing fresh bleeding. Creating negative pressure inside the mouth is a major risk factor for disrupting the clot.
This means avoiding the use of straws for drinking and refraining from sucking motions, as the vacuum created can easily pull the clot out of the socket. Vigorous rinsing or forcefully spitting is equally detrimental, as the force can break the protective seal. If the mouth needs to be cleared of blood or saliva, allow it to passively drip into the sink instead of spitting.
Avoid hot beverages, such as coffee or soup, for the first 24 to 48 hours, as high heat encourages increased blood flow. Nicotine products, including smoking, must be strictly avoided because the chemicals inhibit healing. Furthermore, the act of inhaling creates negative pressure that can dislodge the blood clot, potentially leading to dry socket. Strenuous physical activity, such as heavy lifting or intense exercise, should also be avoided for at least 24 hours, because the resulting increase in heart rate and blood pressure can cause the wound to bleed again.
When to Seek Professional Help
Light bleeding or pink-tinged saliva is normal, but it is important to recognize objective signs that the bleeding is excessive and requires professional attention. Bleeding is generally considered problematic if the gauze becomes completely saturated with bright red blood every few minutes. It is also concerning if active, heavy flow persists after two to three solid applications of pressure with fresh gauze or a tea bag. Persistent, uncontrollable bleeding that shows no sign of slowing down after several hours should prompt an immediate call to your oral surgeon or dentist.
Other serious symptoms indicate a complication beyond simple bleeding, such as a fever exceeding 100.4°F or severe swelling that continues to worsen after the first three days. Intense, throbbing pain that is not relieved by prescribed medication, especially if it appears three to five days after the procedure, may signal the development of a dry socket. Any sudden onset of difficulty swallowing or breathing is a medical emergency that warrants immediate attention at an emergency room. When in doubt about the severity of your symptoms, always contact your oral surgeon or general dentist for guidance, as they are best equipped to provide triage and necessary treatment.