Tongue injuries are common, often causing noticeable bleeding due to the rich blood supply. While usually not serious, they require prompt attention. Knowing how to address a bleeding tongue can reduce anxiety and ensure proper care.
Stopping the Bleeding Immediately
When a tongue injury occurs, control bleeding immediately. Wash your hands thoroughly for cleanliness before touching the affected area. Apply firm, direct pressure to the wound using a clean cloth or gauze pad. Maintaining consistent pressure for at least five to fifteen minutes helps the blood clot and stop the flow.
To control bleeding and reduce swelling, apply a cold compress. Wrap ice in a clean cloth and press it against the injured area, or suck on ice chips or a flavored ice pop. Gently rinsing the mouth with cold water can help clear away blood and provide relief.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While many tongue injuries can be managed at home, certain signs indicate professional medical evaluation. Seek urgent care if bleeding does not stop after 10 to 15 minutes of continuous pressure, or if it stops and then begins again. Deep wounds, especially if larger than half an inch, with jagged edges, or that gape open, often require stitches to heal properly.
Signs of infection, such as increased pain, swelling, warmth, redness, pus draining from the wound, or a fever, warrant immediate medical attention. Difficulty breathing or swallowing, severe pain not improving with over-the-counter pain relievers, or injury from a dirty object or animal bite, also warrant a doctor’s consultation. Changes in skin color like paleness, or cold, clammy skin with a fast or weak pulse, could indicate a more serious condition.
Understanding Common Causes
Tongue bleeding commonly results from accidental trauma due to its frequent movement. Biting the tongue is a frequent cause, often occurring while eating, speaking, or sleeping, particularly with bruxism or certain medical conditions like seizures. Direct impacts to the face, like falls, sports injuries, or car accidents, can also cause cuts or lacerations.
Sharp or hard foods, dental appliances like braces or ill-fitting dentures, and even broken teeth can inadvertently injure the tongue. Less common causes include oral infections like thrush or canker sores, which can become irritated and bleed. In some instances, conditions like vitamin deficiencies or, rarely, oral cancer, can manifest with tongue bleeding.
Promoting Healing and Preventing Future Incidents
After bleeding has stopped, focus on promoting healing and preventing further injury. Maintaining good oral hygiene is essential. Gently brush teeth, avoiding the injured area, and rinse your mouth with a warm saltwater solution after meals and before bed. This helps clean the wound, reduce bacteria, and soothe discomfort.
Dietary adjustments aid recovery. Consume soft, non-irritating foods like mashed potatoes, yogurt, or scrambled eggs to prevent further wound aggravation. Avoid spicy, acidic, or very hot foods, alcohol, and tobacco products, as these can irritate healing tissue. To prevent future incidents, practice mindful eating by chewing slowly, wear a mouthguard during sports, and address dental issues like sharp teeth or misaligned bites that contribute to tongue injuries.