Teeth whitening is a popular cosmetic procedure that brightens smiles by removing stains and discoloration. A common side effect, however, is temporary tooth sensitivity, which can cause discomfort. This article explains why this sensitivity occurs and provides strategies for managing it.
Understanding Post-Whitening Sensitivity
Teeth become sensitive after whitening due to bleaching agents like hydrogen peroxide or carbamide peroxide. These agents penetrate the enamel, reaching the underlying dentin. Dentin contains microscopic channels, dentinal tubules, which lead to the tooth’s nerve-filled pulp. When bleaching agents reach these tubules, they can irritate the nerves, causing temporary sensitivity.
The degree of sensitivity can vary depending on the bleaching agent’s concentration and exposure duration. This sensitivity typically resolves within a few days to a couple of weeks after treatment.
Effective Strategies for Relief
Using a desensitizing toothpaste can alleviate discomfort. These toothpastes often contain ingredients like potassium nitrate, which reduces nerve excitability, or stannous fluoride and arginine, which physically occlude the dentinal tubules. Start using such a toothpaste a week or two before whitening and continue afterward. Applying it with a soft toothbrush and minimal water enhances effectiveness.
Fluoride rinses or gels also provide relief by strengthening enamel and sealing exposed dentinal tubules. Many mouthwashes for sensitive teeth contain fluoride and are alcohol-free to avoid irritation.
Adjusting your diet temporarily reduces sensitivity. Avoid extremely hot or cold foods and beverages for 24 to 48 hours after whitening. Limit acidic or sugary foods and drinks, as they can irritate sensitive teeth and erode enamel. Drinking through a straw minimizes liquid contact with sensitive surfaces.
Practice gentle oral hygiene. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and brush with light pressure to protect enamel and gums. Brushing too aggressively can wear down enamel and worsen sensitivity. Over-the-counter pain relievers, such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen, can manage discomfort.
Allow adequate recovery time between whitening treatments to prevent sensitivity. For professional whitening, dentists recommend waiting six months to a year. For at-home kits, follow product instructions to avoid overuse and prolonged sensitivity.
When to Seek Professional Guidance
Seek professional dental evaluation if sensitivity is persistent, severe, or does not improve with at-home remedies. Discomfort lasting longer than a few weeks may indicate an underlying issue. A dentist can rule out other causes like new cavities, existing dental work, or gum recession.
Sensitivity with other symptoms like sharp pain, gum irritation, or swelling necessitates immediate professional attention. These signal a more serious dental problem requiring targeted treatment. A dental professional can identify and address pre-existing dental issues exacerbated by whitening.
Dentists can provide in-office desensitizing treatments, including stronger fluoride applications or bonding agents. Consulting a dentist before future whitening is advisable. They can assess suitability and recommend techniques to minimize recurrent sensitivity.