Tattoo bleeding is an expected reaction that occurs because the process involves repeatedly puncturing the skin to deposit ink into the dermis layer. This action inevitably causes minor trauma, disrupting the tiny capillaries and small blood vessels just beneath the skin’s surface. Normal bleeding is characterized by pinpricks or a light, pinkish oozing of blood mixed with plasma and excess ink. Excessive or heavy bleeding is not normal, as it obscures the artist’s view, potentially dilutes the pigment, and compromises the final quality of the artwork.
Immediate Control Methods During Tattooing
When excessive bleeding occurs during a session, the tattoo artist focuses on localized control to clear the working area and maintain visibility. The first line of action is typically the application of gentle, consistent pressure directly to the bleeding site using a clean, absorbent material. This physical pressure helps constrict the affected capillaries, encouraging the natural clotting cascade to begin.
The artist must also manage the blood, plasma, and ink mixture to see the skin clearly, often using a diluted solution of green soap and distilled water. Wiping is performed moving away from the fresh lines to prevent contaminants from being dragged back into the open skin. This cleaning step is repeated frequently to keep the wound site sterile and dry, which allows for better assessment of the bleeding source.
If localized pressure is not immediately effective, the artist may employ specialized products designed to minimize blood flow. These professional-grade solutions, such as those containing low concentrations of witch hazel or non-adrenaline styptics, help to temporarily tighten the skin and blood vessels. Maintaining a clear field of view is paramount for the artist to ensure accurate needle depth and consistent ink saturation.
Client Preparation to Prevent Excess Bleeding
Proactive steps taken by the client in the 24 to 72 hours before the appointment can significantly reduce the likelihood of heavy bleeding. The most important preventative measure is strictly avoiding substances known to inhibit blood clotting or cause vasodilation. Common over-the-counter pain relievers, such as aspirin and ibuprofen, function as blood thinners and should be avoided for at least a full day prior to the session.
Alcohol consumption, especially in the 24 hours before the tattoo, is also strongly discouraged because it acts as a vasodilator, widening blood vessels and increasing blood flow. High intake of caffeine should also be limited, as it can elevate blood pressure and heart rate, which can lead to increased bleeding.
Hydration is another simple but powerful tool; well-hydrated skin is more elastic and receptive to the needle, making the process smoother and less traumatic. Consuming a balanced, substantial meal within a few hours of the appointment helps stabilize blood sugar levels, preventing lightheadedness or fainting during the session. Adequate sleep the night before is also beneficial, as being well-rested helps maintain a stable physical state. These steps create the optimal internal environment to minimize vascular response to the tattooing process.
Underlying Factors Causing Heavy Bleeding
When bleeding is more persistent than normal, it may indicate systemic or technical factors beyond simple capillary trauma. One technical cause is improper needle depth, where the artist may be working too aggressively or plunging the needle too far below the intended dermis layer. Overworking the skin—repeatedly passing over the same area—causes excessive tissue damage and inflammation, which breaks more vessels and increases fluid leakage.
Anatomical location also plays a role, as areas of the body with naturally high vascularity, such as the inner bicep, wrist, or ankle, are prone to bleeding more. Certain pre-existing health conditions can also contribute to heavy flow, including unmanaged high blood pressure. Clotting disorders or the use of prescription anticoagulant medications also significantly impair the body’s ability to stop bleeding. If bleeding becomes uncontrollable or appears unusually profuse, the session should be stopped, and a medical professional should be consulted.