Orthodontic spacers, also known as separators, are small rubber bands or metal springs placed between your back teeth before orthodontic treatment begins. Their primary function is to gently create space between molars, which is necessary for the orthodontist to comfortably place the metal bands that anchor braces. The resulting discomfort is a common and expected part of this preparation phase, usually peaking within the first 24 to 48 hours as your teeth begin to shift.
Why Spacers Cause Discomfort
Spacers work by applying gentle but constant pressure against the sides of the molars. This pressure slightly separates the teeth, creating the required clearance for orthodontic bands.
The sensation of pain results from this force pressing on the periodontal ligament, the tissue that connects the tooth root to the jawbone. As the teeth are nudged apart, this ligament becomes temporarily stretched and inflamed, causing aching and tenderness that is typically most noticeable when you bite down.
Immediate Over-the-Counter Relief Strategies
Taking an over-the-counter pain reliever is the most effective way to manage immediate discomfort. Medications like acetaminophen or ibuprofen can significantly reduce inflammation and dull the throbbing ache. It is most beneficial to take a dose an hour before your appointment, or as soon as you feel discomfort, rather than waiting for the pain to become severe. Always follow the dosage instructions provided on the package or by your orthodontist.
Cold therapy is another strategy for immediate relief, helping to numb the area and reduce swelling. Applying a cold pack to the cheek near the spacers for 10 to 15 minutes at a time can provide soothing relief.
Sipping on ice-cold water or consuming cold, soft foods like yogurt or smoothies also offers a temporary numbing effect. Additionally, rinsing your mouth several times a day with a warm salt water solution can help soothe irritation in the surrounding gum tissue. Dissolve one teaspoon of salt in a glass of warm water and gently swish the solution around the affected area.
Managing Ongoing Soreness and Routine Care
Adjusting your diet prevents adding stress to the sore molars. For the few days the spacers are in, focus only on soft foods that require minimal chewing, such as mashed potatoes, scrambled eggs, soups, and pasta. Strictly avoid any foods that are sticky, chewy, or hard, as these can worsen the pain and potentially pull the spacers out of position.
Continue to brush your teeth as normal, but use extra gentleness around the separators. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush and take care not to aggressively brush the spacers themselves. Avoid flossing in the areas where the spacers are located, as the floss will almost certainly dislodge them.
The feeling of pressure or a constant annoyance is a normal sensation that usually diminishes within a couple of days. Avoid the temptation to poke, pick, or manipulate the spacers with your tongue or fingers. Allowing the spacers to remain undisturbed ensures they complete their job and prevents the need for an extra appointment to replace a lost one.
Signs It’s Time to Call the Orthodontist
Although discomfort is expected, certain symptoms warrant immediate professional consultation. Contact your orthodontist immediately if the pain is severe and unmanageable, or if pain lasts more than a few days without improvement.
If a spacer falls out, call the office right away to determine if it requires replacement. In some cases, if enough space has already been created, the orthodontist may decide the spacer has served its purpose. You should also contact the office if you notice significant swelling, bleeding, or signs of an allergic reaction around the gums, as these signal an issue that needs prompt evaluation.