Bleeding is an expected part of healing after a tooth extraction. While some blood is normal, managing it effectively is important for a smooth recovery. This guide provides practical steps to control bleeding and promote healing.
Immediate Steps to Manage Bleeding
Controlling active bleeding begins with applying direct pressure. Fold a clean piece of gauze into a thick square and place it directly over the extraction site. Bite down firmly and consistently on the gauze for at least 30 to 45 minutes, allowing pressure to help a blood clot form. Avoid frequently changing the gauze, as this can disrupt clot formation.
If bleeding continues after initial gauze application, a black tea bag can be used. Black tea contains tannic acid, a natural coagulant that promotes clotting. Moisten a black tea bag with warm water, squeeze out excess liquid, and place it directly on the extraction site, biting down gently for 20 to 30 minutes.
Maintaining an elevated head position is helpful in reducing blood flow to the extraction site. When resting or sleeping, use pillows to keep your head higher than your heart. This helps decrease blood pressure in the region, minimizing bleeding and supporting stable blood clot formation.
Recognizing Normal Versus Excessive Bleeding
After a tooth extraction, some bleeding is expected. Normal bleeding appears as a pinkish tint in your saliva or slight oozing from the extraction site, which may continue for up to 24 hours. This indicates a blood clot is forming to protect bone and nerves.
In contrast, excessive bleeding is a continuous flow of bright red blood that fills your mouth. Large, jelly-like clots that continue to form may indicate problematic bleeding. If bleeding does not subside or appears heavy despite applying pressure, it signals an issue with clot formation.
Post-Extraction Care for Healing
After initial bleeding is controlled, careful post-extraction practices are important to prevent re-bleeding and promote healing. Avoid activities that could dislodge the blood clot, such as vigorous rinsing, spitting, or drinking through a straw. Suction from these actions can disrupt the clot, leading to renewed bleeding and potentially dry socket.
Refrain from smoking or vaping for at least 72 hours after extraction, as these activities can constrict blood vessels and impair healing. Avoid consuming hot liquids or foods, as warmth can dilate blood vessels and encourage bleeding. Stick to soft, cool foods like yogurt, mashed potatoes, or smoothies, and chew on the opposite side of your mouth to protect the extraction site.
Limit strenuous physical activity for at least 24 to 48 hours after the procedure. Elevating your heart rate through heavy lifting or intense exercise can increase blood flow to the extraction site, prolonging bleeding. Gentle oral hygiene is important; brush your teeth carefully, avoiding the extraction site for the first few days, and only begin gentle salt water rinses after the first 24 hours.
When to Seek Professional Help
While some bleeding is normal, certain signs indicate a need for professional help. Contact your dentist if you experience persistent heavy bleeding that does not stop or significantly decrease after following immediate steps, especially if it continues to fill your mouth. This means the blood clot is not forming properly or has been dislodged.
Other symptoms include severe, worsening pain not managed by prescribed medication, especially if it persists beyond the first few days. Signs of infection, such as increasing swelling after 48 hours, fever, pus discharge from the site, or a foul taste or odor, warrant immediate contact with your dental professional. Persistent numbness in your lips, tongue, or chin that does not subside as expected should be reported.