Reactivating a residential irrigation system safely in the spring requires a methodical approach. Following a precise sequence of steps during this annual startup process is important to prevent damage to underground pipes and above-ground components. A rushed startup can cause a destructive pressure surge known as water hammer, which happens when water quickly fills empty pipes, potentially rupturing fittings and joints. This guide outlines the necessary preparations, the gradual reintroduction of water, and the final checks for efficient operation.
Pre-Activation Checks and Preparation
Before introducing water, thoroughly inspect all components and settings while the lines are dry. All manual drain valves and test cocks must be secured in the closed position. This ensures that water, once introduced, remains pressurized within the pipes instead of leaking out.
The backflow prevention device, typically located above ground, should be checked for any visible damage that may have occurred over the winter. The main isolation valves on this device must be confirmed as closed (handles perpendicular to the pipe) to contain the initial rush of water. Visually inspect the entire yard to identify any broken sprinkler heads or exposed lines, allowing for repairs before the system is turned on.
Gradually Reintroducing Water Pressure
The process of reintroducing water is the most mechanically sensitive step, requiring patience to avoid damaging the system through internal pressure shock. Locate the main water supply valve for the irrigation system, which is often situated near the water meter or the backflow device. This valve should be opened very slowly, perhaps only a quarter turn initially, to allow water to trickle into the empty main line.
This slow introduction gradually displaces the air trapped within the pipes, preventing the air from becoming compressed and causing a damaging pressure wave. Opening the valve incrementally allows the water to fill the pipes and push the air out gently through the furthest points in the system. Once the sound of running water subsides, the main line is fully charged, and the backflow preventer valves can be slowly opened to fully pressurize the entire network.
System Inspection and Head Adjustments
With the main line fully pressurized, manually test each irrigation zone from the controller. This manual run allows for a zone-by-zone check for leaks and performance issues while minimizing water waste. Walk the property while each zone is active, visually inspecting the backflow preventer, main valve boxes, and lateral lines for any signs of spraying water or pooling that would indicate a leak.
The sprinkler heads require close attention once they are spraying. Check for consistent spray patterns; a weak or misting spray may indicate a clogged nozzle, which can be cleaned with a small tool or brush. Adjusting the throw distance and the arc of the spray is necessary to ensure optimal water coverage and prevent waste onto sidewalks or driveways. Small adjustments to the arc can usually be made using a flathead screwdriver or the manufacturer’s specific adjustment tool.
Setting the Spring Watering Schedule
After all physical components have been checked and adjusted, program the system controller for the new growing season. Begin by setting the current date and time on the control panel so the system can execute the programmed schedule accurately.
Programming the spring schedule should focus on encouraging deep root growth rather than superficial surface watering. Achieve this by scheduling longer watering durations but with less frequent cycles, such as watering three times a week instead of daily. This conservative initial schedule can be gradually increased as the weather warms and water demand increases, ensuring efficient water use and promoting a healthy landscape.