Splinting a big toe, often called “buddy taping,” supports and protects minor injuries by stabilizing the digit. This non-invasive method involves securing the injured toe to an adjacent, uninjured one. It helps manage pain and promotes recovery by preventing excessive movement.
When to Splint at Home
Home splinting is suitable for minor sprains or suspected hairline fractures. These injuries typically involve localized pain, swelling, or bruising, but allow for some weight-bearing without severe discomfort. The toe should not be visibly deformed or severely painful.
When to Seek Medical Attention
Seek medical attention if you experience severe, persistent pain, an inability to bear weight, or visible deformity or crookedness of the toe. Other concerning symptoms include an open wound, numbness, tingling, coldness, or discoloration of the toe, as well as signs of infection such as redness, warmth, pus, or fever. Individuals with diabetes or peripheral arterial disease should consult a healthcare provider for any toe injury due to higher complication risks.
Materials Needed
You will need medical tape, designed for skin to minimize irritation. Soft padding, such as cotton, gauze, or foam, is essential to place between the toes. Scissors are also needed for cutting tape and padding to size.
Application Steps
First, ensure the big toe and adjacent toe are clean and dry for proper tape adhesion and to reduce irritation. Clean any minor cuts with an antiseptic wipe and dry thoroughly. Trimming toenails can prevent discomfort. Place a small piece of padding, like cotton or gauze, between the injured big toe and its neighbor. This padding prevents skin-on-skin friction, which can lead to irritation or breakdown.
With the padding in place, gently align the injured big toe next to the adjacent toe. Wrap the medical tape around both toes, starting near the base. Apply the tape securely but not too tightly, ensuring it does not restrict blood flow. Wrap the tape two to three times, making sure the padding stays in position.
After applying the tape, check circulation by gently pressing on the tip of the big toe for a few seconds. The color should return to normal within three seconds. If the toe remains pale, numb, or tingly, the tape is too tight and needs re-application.
Post-Splint Care and Monitoring
Keep the splinted area clean and dry. Change the tape and padding every one to two days, especially after showering or if it becomes wet. This allows for skin inspection for irritation or redness. Elevate the foot whenever possible, particularly during the first few days, to reduce swelling. Applying ice packs for 15-20 minutes, several times daily, helps manage pain and swelling.
When to Remove the Splint
The big toe typically needs splinting for two to four weeks, depending on injury severity. Throughout this period, monitor for concerning symptoms like increased pain, swelling, numbness, tingling, or discoloration, which may indicate complications. If the toe shows signs of infection, such as pus, foul odor, or fever, consult a healthcare provider promptly.