Smoking cannabis often results in an intense coughing fit, which is the body’s natural defense mechanism against respiratory irritation. This reflex is primarily triggered by two factors: the high temperature of the inhaled smoke and the presence of particulate matter and combustion byproducts. Cannabis smoke is significantly hotter than the air in the respiratory system, irritating the sensitive lining of the throat and lungs. The smoke also carries irritants such as tar and fine ash that the body attempts to expel through a cough. By modifying inhalation technique, utilizing specific equipment, and ensuring material quality, it is possible to reduce this irritation and achieve a smoother experience.
Optimizing Inhalation Technique
The manner in which smoke is drawn into the lungs has a major impact on the likelihood of coughing. Taking a smaller, more controlled draw is effective for minimizing irritation, as this reduces the volume of hot, particulate-laden smoke entering the airways. A slow and steady pull, instead of rapid, deep inhalations, allows the smoke to cool slightly before it reaches the sensitive lower respiratory tract.
A helpful technique involves using a “chaser breath.” Draw the smoke into your mouth first, similar to sipping through a straw, and then immediately inhale a small amount of fresh, cool air to push the smoke into the lungs. This two-step process dilutes the hot smoke and helps prevent it from lingering in the throat, which can trigger the cough reflex. Holding the smoke in the lungs does not increase potency; most cannabinoids are absorbed within the first few seconds. Prolonged breath retention only increases irritation and exposure to combustion byproducts. Maintaining an upright posture also promotes better lung expansion and makes the inhalation process more comfortable.
Using Water Filtration and Cooling Devices
Specialized apparatuses are designed to reduce the heat and particulate matter in smoke before inhalation. Water pipes, often called bongs or bubblers, use water as a medium to both filter and cool the smoke. As the smoke bubbles through the water, heat is transferred away and absorbed by the water, which has a high heat capacity. This cooling effect lowers the smoke’s temperature, making it less harsh on the throat and lungs.
The water also acts as a physical barrier, trapping larger particles like ash, tar, and other combustion byproducts that would otherwise enter the respiratory system. Many modern water pipes incorporate percolators, which are internal glass features that break the smoke into smaller bubbles. This maximizes surface area contact with the water for more efficient cooling and filtration. Using ice cubes in a water pipe’s neck or chilled water in the base provides an additional layer of cooling, further reducing the thermal irritation that leads to coughing.
Material Quality and Preparation
The quality of the cannabis material is a major factor influencing the harshness of the smoke. Improperly dried and cured cannabis can contain excess moisture or residual chlorophyll, which creates a sharp, acrid smoke when combusted. The curing process allows chlorophyll and other compounds to break down, resulting in a smoother final product.
Contaminants like mold, mildew, or residual pesticides and fertilizers that were not properly “flushed” from the plant before harvest are another source of irritation. These substances combust into irritating byproducts that trigger the cough reflex.
The consistency of the ground material also matters. Grinding the cannabis too finely can allow small pieces of plant matter to be drawn into the pipe or joint, often called “scooby snacks,” which increases harshness. Using a medium-coarse grind promotes a more even, cooler burn and prevents excessive particulate matter from being inhaled.