Tympanostomy tubes, often called ear tubes, are a common medical intervention for children and adults experiencing recurrent ear infections or persistent fluid buildup behind the eardrum. While effective in restoring middle ear ventilation and preventing complications, these tiny devices can sometimes become blocked. Understanding the signs of a clogged tube and knowing safe approaches to address the issue can help maintain their function.
Understanding Tympanostomy Tubes
Tympanostomy tubes are small, hollow cylinders typically made of plastic or metal that surgeons place into the eardrum. Their primary function is to ventilate the middle ear, the space behind the eardrum, and to prevent fluid from accumulating there. By creating an airway, these tubes help equalize air pressure and allow any trapped fluid to drain, which can prevent hearing difficulties and recurrent infections. The surgical procedure to insert them is generally brief, often lasting between five to fifteen minutes.
Identifying a Clogged Tube
Several indicators suggest a tympanostomy tube might be clogged. A return of ear pain or discomfort, similar to what was experienced before tube placement, is a common sign. Individuals may also notice muffled hearing or a sensation of fullness in the affected ear. A visible blockage within the tube or discharge from the ear can also indicate a clog or an infection.
Safe Home Methods for Unclogging
If a tympanostomy tube appears clogged, gentle home methods, if approved by a healthcare provider, can be attempted. Warm water or saline drops are a common approach. Gently administer a few drops of body-temperature water or saline into the ear canal to soften and dislodge mucus or debris, always avoiding force.
Diluted hydrogen peroxide is another recommended method. If advised, a 1:1 mixture of 3% hydrogen peroxide with warm water can be used. A few drops may cause bubbling as it breaks down earwax. Do not use hydrogen peroxide if there is pain, active discharge, or a perforated eardrum.
After applying drops, gently tilt the head to help gravity drain loosened material. Yawning or chewing gum may also help activate the Eustachian tubes, assisting drainage. Never insert cotton swabs, sharp objects, or ear candles into the ear, as these can cause injury or push blockages further.
When Professional Intervention is Needed
Professional medical attention is necessary if home methods are insufficient. Seek medical advice if ear pain persists, intensifies, or is accompanied by a fever. Significant ear discharge, especially if foul-smelling, bloody, or continuing for more than a few days, warrants immediate evaluation by a doctor or ENT specialist. Worsening hearing loss despite home attempts, or a dislodged tube, also require consulting a healthcare provider.
Preventing Tube Clogs
Proactive measures minimize the risk of tympanostomy tube clogs and maintain their effectiveness. Diligently follow all post-operative care instructions. While some ear tubes allow swimming in chlorinated pools without earplugs, avoid untreated water sources like lakes or oceans, or use earplugs as advised. Keep ears dry after bathing and address underlying conditions like allergies that increase mucus production. Regular follow-up appointments with an ENT specialist are important to monitor tube function and address issues promptly.