The daylily (Hemerocallis species) is a popular, hardy perennial prized for its wide range of flower colors and adaptability across many climates. Gardeners replant these resilient flowers for two primary reasons. The first is to rejuvenate an established clump that has become overcrowded, often signaled by a decline in flowering performance. Alternatively, replanting allows for the relocation of existing plants to a more suitable area of the garden.
Optimal Timing for Division
Selecting the correct window for replanting minimizes physiological stress on the daylily and promotes successful re-establishment. The ideal time for division is either in the early spring, just as new foliage begins to emerge, or during the late summer and early fall. Moving the plants in early spring allows the root system a full growing season to establish before the stress of summer heat and subsequent winter dormancy.
Late summer or early fall is beneficial because the intense heat of mid-summer has passed, and the plant has finished its flowering cycle. Dividing after blooming but at least six weeks before the first anticipated hard frost gives the roots sufficient time to anchor and begin healing. Cooler air and soil temperatures during these periods reduce the rate of moisture loss through the leaves, which aids in the plant’s recovery.
Site Preparation for Daylilies
Preparing the destination site properly ensures the new divisions have the best chance for rapid establishment. Daylilies perform best when receiving at least six hours of direct sunlight daily, though they tolerate partial shade, which may result in fewer blooms. The soil should be well-draining, as saturated conditions can lead to root rot, and a pH range between 6.0 and 7.0 is suitable.
Before lifting the existing clump, loosen the soil in the new area and incorporate organic matter, such as compost, to improve drainage and nutrient retention. This amendment is particularly helpful in heavy clay soils to prevent waterlogging. Dig the planting hole wide enough to accommodate the spread-out roots, typically two to three times the width of the root mass. Preparing the new location beforehand reduces the time the roots are exposed to the air.
Lifting and Separating the Fans
The process of removing the mature daylily clump must be done carefully to preserve the root system. Begin by using a garden fork or spade to dig a circle around the clump, starting six to eight inches away from the foliage center. Gently pry the heavy root mass from the ground, taking care not to slice through the main roots beneath the crown. Once the clump is lifted, shake or wash away excess soil to expose the individual growth points, known as “fans.”
These fans are often tightly interwoven and may need to be separated using two garden forks inserted back-to-back, or pulled apart by hand if the connections are looser. Each viable division should contain a healthy fan of leaves and a substantial network of roots to support new growth. Using clean shears, trim the foliage back to a length of about eight to twelve inches to reduce moisture loss once replanted. Inspect the roots for any signs of disease, such as soft spots or discoloration, and trim away any damaged or dead sections.
Final Planting Steps and Aftercare
The final placement of the daylily division dictates its future health and stability. Create a small cone of soil in the center of the prepared hole and position the fan so that the roots spread evenly over this mound. The crown, where the roots meet the leaves, should sit at or slightly below the surrounding soil level. Planting the crown too deeply can lead to rot, while planting too high may cause the roots to dry out and fail to anchor.
Carefully backfill the hole with the amended soil, gently tamping it down to remove air pockets that can desiccate the roots. Immediately after planting, provide a deep, thorough watering to settle the soil and initiate hydration. Applying a layer of organic mulch, such as shredded bark or straw, around the base of the plant helps retain soil moisture and stabilizes the root zone temperature. Continue to water regularly until the new divisions show signs of establishment.