A finger dislocation occurs when the bones forming a joint in the finger are forced out of their normal alignment. This common injury can result from various impacts, disrupting the stable connection between the bones. Understanding the appropriate actions following such an injury is important, and this article aims to provide guidance on immediate first aid and the necessity of professional medical intervention.
Understanding Finger Dislocation
A dislocated finger involves the displacement of bones at a finger joint, causing them to separate from their usual position. This often results in a visibly deformed finger, appearing crooked or bent. Individuals experience severe, sharp pain immediately following the injury, accompanied by rapid swelling and bruising. Movement of the injured finger becomes difficult or impossible, and any attempt to move it intensifies the pain. Common causes include direct impacts during sports, falls onto an outstretched hand, or crushing injuries.
When Self-Relocation is Dangerous
Attempting to manipulate a dislocated finger back into place without professional medical assistance carries risks. Incorrect movements can cause further damage to the surrounding soft tissues, including ligaments, tendons, nerves, or blood vessels. What appears to be a dislocation might be a bone fracture, worsened by improper handling. An incomplete reduction can lead to chronic instability or persistent pain. Such attempts can increase pain, complicate future treatment, and result in long-term joint dysfunction or permanent damage.
Immediate medical attention is necessary if:
Open wounds near the injury.
Severe deformity.
Numbness.
An inability to move the finger.
A bone fracture is suspected.
Immediate Steps After Dislocation
Upon suspecting a finger dislocation, take immediate first aid measures while awaiting professional medical evaluation. Never attempt to “pop” the finger back into place, as this can cause additional harm. Stabilize the injured finger gently.
Buddy tape the affected finger to an adjacent, uninjured finger using medical tape or a small strip of cloth, creating a makeshift splint. Apply an ice pack, wrapped in a thin towel, to the swollen area for 15 to 20 minutes to reduce pain and swelling. Elevate the hand above heart level to minimize swelling by promoting fluid drainage. Following these steps, seek prompt medical attention from a healthcare professional, such as at an urgent care clinic or emergency room.
Professional Medical Treatment
Upon arrival at a medical facility, healthcare professionals begin with a thorough physical examination of the injured finger. This assessment helps determine the extent of the injury and identify any associated complications. X-rays are performed to confirm the dislocation, pinpoint displacement, and rule out any accompanying bone fractures.
Once a pure dislocation is confirmed, the physician performs a reduction, gently guiding the bones back into their correct anatomical position. This process involves administering a local anesthetic to numb the area, followed by specific traction and manipulation techniques. After the reduction, another set of X-rays is taken to verify that the bones are properly aligned. The finger is then immobilized using a splint or by buddy taping to maintain stability during the initial healing phase.
Recovery and Future Prevention
Following professional relocation, adherence to post-reduction care instructions is important for optimal healing. This involves continued immobilization of the finger, with a splint or buddy tape, for a period ranging from a few days to several weeks, depending on the severity of the injury. Pain management strategies may include over-the-counter pain relievers or prescribed medication.
Once the initial healing phase is complete and cleared by a doctor, rehabilitation plays an important role in regaining full function. This may involve specific exercises or physical therapy to restore the finger’s range of motion, flexibility, and strength. The overall recovery timeline varies but spans several weeks to a few months.
To help prevent future dislocations, wearing appropriate protective gear during sports or high-impact activities is advisable. Strengthening the muscles in the hand and forearm can also contribute to joint stability. Remaining mindful of potential hazards in daily activities can reduce the risk of re-injury.