Teething is a developmental stage for infants. As tiny teeth emerge through the gums, they can cause discomfort and localized inflammation. A common symptom during this period is ear pain, often referred pain from the gums and jaw rather than an ear infection. This article offers methods for soothing teething ear discomfort and guidance on when to seek medical attention.
Understanding Ear Pain During Teething
Ear pain during teething is common, stemming from shared nerve pathways between the gums, jaw, and ears. Discomfort from erupting teeth, particularly molars, can radiate along the jawline and be perceived in the ear as referred pain. While a baby might tug at their ear, this does not automatically indicate an ear infection.
Teething symptoms include increased drooling, fussiness, chewing on objects, swollen or tender gums, and mild temperature elevation (typically below 101°F/38.3°C). Babies may also rub their ears or cheeks. In contrast, ear infections (otitis media) involve a higher fever (sometimes exceeding 102°F/38.9°C) and more severe, continuous pain. Signs of an ear infection include persistent ear pulling, difficulty sleeping, decreased appetite, and fluid draining from the ear. These infections frequently follow a cold or upper respiratory infection, as mucus can block the Eustachian tubes, leading to fluid buildup behind the eardrum.
Home-Based Relief Strategies
Gently massaging a baby’s gums with a clean finger can help relieve pressure and soothe tender areas. This can distract from discomfort and promote healthy oral development.
Cold compresses and chilled teething toys are effective. A clean washcloth soaked in water and refrigerated can be offered for the baby to chew on, as the cold helps to numb the gums and reduce inflammation. Similarly, chilled teething rings or pacifiers provide a safe, chewable surface that applies soothing pressure. Ensure these items are cool, not frozen solid, to prevent injury to delicate gum tissue.
A comforting environment and proper hydration also support the baby. Offering a sippy cup with cold water to babies over six months old can provide relief from both the cold temperature and the pressure of sucking, especially if the baby is experiencing mild fussiness or a slight temperature elevation.
Over-the-Counter Options
When home remedies are not sufficient, over-the-counter pain relievers can help manage discomfort. Acetaminophen (e.g., Tylenol) is generally safe for infants and reduces pain and fever. Dosage is determined by the child’s weight, not age, and can be given every 4 to 6 hours as needed, up to five doses in 24 hours. For infants under 12 weeks, acetaminophen should only be given under a pediatrician’s guidance.
Ibuprofen (e.g., Motrin, Advil) is another option that alleviates pain and reduces inflammation. It is recommended for babies six months or older, with dosage also dependent on the child’s weight. Ibuprofen can be given every 6 to 8 hours as needed, up to four doses within 24 hours.
Use the provided dosing syringe or cup for accurate measurement. Consult a pediatrician for specific dosage instructions, especially for children under two or with underlying health conditions. Both medications can cause stomach upset, and rarely, liver or kidney problems with overdose. Adherence to dosage instructions is vital.
When to Seek Medical Attention
While teething ear pain is common, certain signs indicate the need for medical evaluation. A high fever, particularly exceeding 102°F (38.9°C), warrants a doctor’s visit, suggesting infection more than typical teething. Persistent ear pulling or fussiness lasting over 24-48 hours, despite home remedies, also suggests further assessment.
Any fluid, pus, or bloody discharge from the ear is a clear sign of infection and requires immediate medical attention. If a baby appears severely ill, unusually drowsy, or unresponsive, prompt medical consultation is necessary. If there is any doubt whether ear pain is due to teething or infection, or if symptoms worsen, consult a healthcare professional for accurate diagnosis and treatment.