Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) is a non-invasive medical technology that uses a magnetic field and radio waves to create detailed images of organs and tissues within the body. While the procedure is painless, the confined space, loud operational noises, and requirement for prolonged stillness often cause significant anxiety or claustrophobia for many patients. Since the success of the scan relies on the patient remaining completely motionless, relaxation is a practical necessity for obtaining clear, diagnostic-quality images. These strategies provide actionable steps to help manage discomfort and achieve the necessary calm for a successful scan.
Preparing for the Appointment
Reducing anxiety begins by removing unknowns before the scan. Understanding the procedure helps mitigate anticipatory stress. Patients should speak with their physician or imaging center staff to learn the expected duration of the scan and the specific sounds the machine will produce.
Wearing comfortable clothing that contains no metal components, such as zippers or underwires, is essential, as metal is incompatible with the strong magnetic field. Arriving with ample time prevents the stress of rushing, allowing for a calm check-in and final restroom visit before the procedure begins. This logistical preparation helps the patient feel more in control of the experience.
Internal Strategies During the Scan
Once positioned inside the scanner, internal, cognitive techniques become the primary tools for maintaining composure. Consciously controlling the breath is one of the most effective physiological strategies to activate the body’s natural relaxation response. The 4-7-8 breathing method involves inhaling quietly through the nose for a count of four, holding for seven counts, and then exhaling completely through the mouth for a count of eight.
This extended exhalation stimulates the vagus nerve, which helps shift the nervous system into a calmer state by slowing the heart rate. Focusing on the rhythm of the breath acts as an anchor for the mind, redirecting attention away from the machine and the enclosed space. If anxious thoughts arise, gently bring focus back to the physical sensation of the air entering and leaving the body.
Visualization is a powerful strategy that involves mentally escaping the immediate environment. Patients can focus on creating a detailed mental image of a peaceful place, such as a favorite beach or a quiet forest, engaging all five senses in the imaginary scene. Other effective techniques include engaging in mental games, like counting backward from 100 by sevens, or using progressive muscle relaxation, which involves systematically tensing and releasing muscle groups to reduce physical tension.
Utilizing Staff and Environmental Comforts
Leveraging the resources provided by the imaging center and communicating clearly with the staff can significantly enhance comfort. Before the scan begins, establish a clear, non-verbal “stop” signal with the technologist, such as a squeeze ball, which can be used to pause the scan at any moment. Knowing they can immediately stop the procedure provides a powerful sense of security and control. The technologist remains in constant contact and provides updates on scan progress between imaging sequences.
Facilities provide measures to mitigate the loud, percussive noises produced by MRI machines. Patients are given earplugs or ear defenders to protect their hearing and reduce noise intensity. Many centers also offer headphones, allowing the patient to listen to calming music or a guided meditation track, which serves as both noise reduction and a mental distraction. Patients should request physical comforts to minimize involuntary movement and maximize stillness:
- Blankets
- Positioning aids
- Pillows to support the knees or neck
Discussing Medical Assistance Options
For individuals with severe claustrophobia or anxiety that may prevent them from completing the scan, medical intervention is a possibility that should be discussed with the referring doctor well in advance. A physician may prescribe a mild sedative, often an oral benzodiazepine such as lorazepam or alprazolam, to be taken shortly before the appointment. This medication helps reduce anxiety and muscle tension, making it easier to remain still for the duration of the scan.
Patients must arrange for transportation home, as they cannot safely drive after taking these medications. Another alternative to discuss is the use of different scanner types, such as wide-bore or open MRI machines. These machines are designed with a larger diameter or an open side, offering a less confined environment that can significantly reduce feelings of entrapment.