Dental wax is a soft, non-toxic substance specifically designed to provide relief from the irritation caused by orthodontic appliances, such as the sharp edges of brackets or protruding wires. This malleable material is typically composed of natural waxes like carnauba or beeswax, sometimes blended with petroleum-derived paraffin or microcrystalline wax. The wax acts as a smooth, temporary barrier, preventing the metal components from rubbing against the delicate tissues of the cheeks, lips, and tongue. Understanding the proper method of preparation and application is necessary for maximizing comfort and ensuring the wax adheres securely to the appliance.
Preparing the Area and the Wax
Effective application begins with meticulous hygiene to ensure the wax adheres correctly and to prevent the introduction of bacteria. The first step involves scrubbing your hands thoroughly with soap and water to minimize the risk of infection, especially if a sore area already exists in the mouth. Next, it is necessary to dry the specific area of the orthodontic appliance where the wax will be placed because moisture prevents proper adhesion. A clean cotton swab, a piece of tissue, or gauze can be used to gently pat the bracket or wire completely dry.
Once the area is prepared, a small piece of wax, approximately the size of a small pea, should be pinched off the stick. This segment is then rolled between the thumb and forefinger for several seconds to condition the material. The warmth from your fingers softens the wax, making it more pliable and easier to mold into a smooth, cohesive ball. Conditioning the wax improves its ability to conform to the shape of the bracket and stick to the metal surface.
Step-by-Step Application
With the bracket dry and the wax conditioned, the application process focuses on creating a secure, smooth barrier over the point of irritation. First, precisely identify the location of the discomfort, whether it is a single bracket or a poking wire end. The small, softened ball of wax should then be placed directly onto the irritating component, covering only the portion causing friction against the cheek or lip. Applying a small, pea-sized amount is generally better, as an overly large piece is more likely to become dislodged.
The wax is then gently but firmly pressed against the bracket or wire to ensure secure adhesion. Use enough sustained pressure to flatten the wax slightly, causing it to spread and cover the entire rough surface. The goal is to form a smooth, flattened layer that completely eliminates the sharp edge. Once applied, the wax should be lightly smoothed with a finger to ensure a seamless, friction-free interface against the soft tissues of the mouth.
The wax must stick to the metal, not the wet mucosal tissue of the mouth, which emphasizes the importance of the drying step. If the wax is not fully covering the source of irritation, or if it feels bumpy, remove it and reapply a new, conditioned piece. This action creates a protective coating that allows the irritated area to heal without further abrasion.
Daily Usage and Removal Guidelines
Dental wax is designed for temporary relief, and specific guidelines govern its use and removal to maintain oral hygiene. The wax must be removed before eating, as chewing can dislodge it and trap food particles, encouraging bacterial buildup beneath the appliance. It is also necessary to remove the wax before brushing the teeth, allowing for a thorough cleaning of the bracket and wire surfaces. You can gently peel the wax off with clean fingers, or use a clean toothpick or dental floss to carefully dislodge a stubborn piece.
Accidentally swallowing a small amount of the non-toxic wax is harmless, as the material is designed to pass safely through the digestive system. However, the wax should be replaced at least once or twice daily, as it can degrade, lose adhesive properties, or accumulate debris. If a piece falls off prematurely or begins to wear down, dry the area and apply a fresh piece. Consistent replacement ensures the protective barrier remains effective and hygienic, allowing sores to properly heal.