Upper dentures replace the upper row of teeth, resting against the gums and the roof of the mouth, or palate. Correct insertion using an adhesive is important for achieving a secure fit, which directly impacts comfort and the ability to speak and chew effectively. Since the upper arch provides a large surface area for retention, proper technique helps create the necessary suction and seal for all-day stability. While dentures require consistent, precise care, learning the correct steps for application and seating will help wearers maximize the performance of their prosthetic.
Preparing the Denture and Mouth
Before applying any adhesive, both the denture and the mouth must be clean and ready. Start by removing the denture from its storage solution and brushing all surfaces with a soft-bristled denture brush and a non-abrasive cleaner. This step removes residue, food particles, or bacteria that could compromise the adhesive’s hold or irritate the gum tissue. Always rinse the denture thoroughly under running water to eliminate any traces of the cleaning solution.
It is also important to check the denture for any small cracks, chips, or rough edges that may cause discomfort upon insertion. Next, prepare the mouth by rinsing with water to clear any debris or excess saliva. The gum tissue should be clean and slightly moist, but not soaking wet, as water can weaken the initial bond of some adhesive types. Drying the denture completely with a clean cloth or tissue is critical because adhesive products adhere best to a fully dry surface.
Applying Denture Adhesive Correctly
Denture adhesives are available in creams, powders, or pre-cut strips, each requiring a specific application method to ensure a secure, uniform hold. For cream adhesives, the goal is to use the smallest amount needed to create a thin, even layer. Apply three to four small dabs or short, thin lines of cream, roughly the size of a pencil eraser, to the surface that contacts the gum tissue.
It is essential to place the adhesive near the borders of the denture plate, keeping it about one-quarter inch away from the very edges to prevent oozing when pressure is applied. Do not apply adhesive to the center of the palate portion of the upper denture. This area relies on natural suction, and excess adhesive here is most likely to squeeze out. Powder adhesives should be sprinkled lightly and evenly over the entire tissue-contacting surface, and any excess powder should be shaken off before insertion.
Step-by-Step Insertion Technique
Once the adhesive is applied correctly, the next step is the precise insertion of the upper denture. If using a powder adhesive, lightly moistening the powder with a small amount of water or a quick mouth rinse can help activate the adhesive before seating. Position the denture with the front teeth facing outward, aligning the midline of the denture with the center of your face, often done with the aid of a mirror.
Gently guide the denture upward and backward toward the roof of your mouth, starting with the back edge, also known as the posterior border. Use your thumbs or index fingers to apply firm, even pressure to the front and back of the denture plate, pressing it against the gum ridge and palate for five to ten seconds. The applied pressure helps to compress the adhesive, spread it thinly, and create the vacuum seal between the denture and the oral tissues. You can check the fit by speaking a few words or gently biting down, which further sets the bond.
Troubleshooting Common Insertion Issues
If the denture does not feel secure immediately after insertion, it indicates a potential issue with the seal or adhesive application. If the denture feels loose or poor suction is noticed, press firmly on the top of the denture again for a few more seconds to ensure the adhesive has fully engaged. If a significant amount of adhesive oozes out from under the edges, it means too much product was used, and the denture should be removed, cleaned, and the adhesive reapplied sparingly.
Immediate discomfort or the development of a sore spot after insertion suggests the denture is pressing too hard on a specific area of the gum tissue. This often points to the need for a professional adjustment, as adhesives are not a solution for ill-fitting prosthetics. If the poor fit or pain is constant, or if you consistently cannot achieve a secure hold, it indicates that the shape of your gum ridge has changed. A reline or adjustment from a dental professional is necessary.