A nasal cannula is a medical device designed to deliver supplemental oxygen to individuals experiencing difficulty breathing or who have lower-than-normal oxygen levels. It consists of a thin, flexible tube that provides oxygen through two small prongs that rest inside the nostrils. Using a nasal cannula correctly is important for ensuring effective oxygen delivery and maintaining comfort during use.
Preparing for Insertion
Gather all necessary supplies. These include the nasal cannula, oxygen source (such as a concentrator or tank), and connecting tubing. Wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water to prevent germ introduction.
Inspect the nasal cannula and its connecting tubing. Look for any visible damage, kinks, or blockages that could impede oxygen flow. Connect the cannula’s tubing securely to your oxygen source, ensuring a tight fit to prevent oxygen from escaping. Confirm the oxygen flow rate is set precisely as prescribed by your healthcare provider, as this setting is specific to individual needs.
Inserting the Cannula
Position yourself comfortably, either sitting upright or reclined. Hold the nasal cannula with the prongs pointing upwards and curving slightly downwards. Gently guide the two prongs into each nostril, ensuring they rest just inside without discomfort.
Loop the tubing over each ear, similar to how eyeglasses are worn. This positioning helps to secure the cannula on your face. Slide the plastic cinch or bolo mechanism, typically located under your chin, upwards. Adjust this slider until the cannula feels snug but not overly tight, allowing for a comfortable and stable fit. You should still be able to fit two fingers between the tubing and your chin.
Ensuring Comfort and Proper Placement
Assess the cannula’s fit to ensure it is neither too loose nor too tight. A properly fitted cannula will stay in place without causing pressure points or irritation. To enhance comfort, especially behind the ears, adjust the tubing or use soft padding to prevent skin irritation.
Confirm oxygen flow by placing your fingers near the prongs to feel a gentle breeze. This indicates that oxygen is being delivered through the cannula. Observe your breathing to ensure it feels natural and comfortable, noting signs like easier breathing.
When to Seek Medical Advice
Contact a healthcare professional if you experience persistent difficulty breathing or if your breathing becomes labored. Report any significant nasal irritation, pain, or bleeding from the nostrils while using the cannula.
Seek advice if you notice issues with oxygen flow, such as no oxygen coming through the prongs or unusual sounds from the equipment. Report skin breakdown behind the ears or on the face. Any new or worsening symptoms, including pale or blue lips, fever, rapid breathing, nasal flaring, or wheezing, require prompt medical evaluation.
Cannula Care and Maintenance
Regular care of your nasal cannula is important for optimal hygiene and performance. Clean the nasal prongs and headset tubing daily by wiping them with a clean, damp cloth, using water or mild soap and water. After cleaning, rinse the cannula thoroughly with clean water and allow it to air dry on a clean surface.
Nasal cannulas require periodic replacement to maintain cleanliness and efficiency. Replace nasal cannulas every two to four weeks, or monthly, especially with continuous use. Store the cannula in a clean, dry place away from direct sunlight to prevent contamination and degradation.