The plant known as Lucky Bamboo (\(Dracaena sanderiana\)) is a tropical houseplant frequently kept in a hydroponic arrangement of water and decorative rocks. This cultivation method requires a specific watering routine distinct from plants grown in soil. Since the roots are constantly submerged, care focuses on the quality, depth, and consistent replacement of the water medium.
The Watering Schedule and Depth
Proper watering for Lucky Bamboo involves water replacement rather than simply adding more water when the level drops. The water should be changed every seven to ten days to prevent stagnation. This regular exchange is essential because the roots release metabolic waste products into the water over time.
The correct water depth keeps the roots fully submerged without allowing the water line to climb too high up the stalks. A depth of about one to two inches (2 to 3 cm) above the base of the stalks and rocks is sufficient. Keeping the water level too high can cause the lower stalk tissue to soften and rot. Frequent topping off between changes is not a substitute for a full water replacement, as it concentrates dissolved solids and chemicals in the remaining water.
Water Quality Requirements
The health of \(Dracaena sanderiana\) is dependent on the quality of the water it receives. This plant is sensitive to chemical additives in municipal water supplies. Both chlorine, a common disinfectant, and fluoride, added for dental health, can be toxic to the plant tissue.
Exposure to these chemicals, particularly fluoride, can lead to phytotoxicity, manifesting as yellowing leaves or browning, crispy tips on the foliage. To avoid this damage, distilled water or rainwater is the best choice, as they are free from these additives. If using tap water, it should be allowed to sit in an open container for a minimum of 24 hours before use. This process allows volatile compounds like chlorine to evaporate, though it does not remove non-volatile fluoride.
Maintaining the Rock Medium and Water Health
The rocks serve as an anchor for the stalks, but they also require periodic cleaning. Over time, mineral deposits from the water and material from the plant can accumulate on the rocks and the container walls. This buildup creates an environment prone to algae growth and can hinder root function.
A thorough physical cleaning of the arrangement should be performed at least monthly. Start by gently removing the stalks and setting them aside, then pour out the old water and remove the rocks. The rocks should be rinsed vigorously under running water to remove any slimy film, avoiding soap which can leave harmful residues.
The container itself should be scrubbed to remove any mineral scale or algae growth. Once the container and rocks are clean, the stalks can be inspected for signs of root decay, which appear as slimy or dark, mushy sections that should be carefully trimmed away. Reassemble the arrangement with the cleaned rocks and fresh, high-quality water.