Eye drops are a common and effective way to deliver medication directly to the eye, managing conditions from dryness and allergies to infections and glaucoma. Proper application ensures the medication reaches its target effectively, maximizing therapeutic benefits and maintaining overall eye health.
Preparing for Application
Before applying eye drops, prepare to ensure hygiene and medication integrity. Wash your hands with soap and water for at least 20 seconds, then dry them with a clean towel to prevent germ transfer to your eyes or the bottle. Inspect the bottle to confirm it’s the correct medication, check the expiration date, and ensure the liquid is clear. If it’s a suspension, gently shake the bottle as instructed.
Step-by-Step Eye Drop Application
Position yourself comfortably, tilting your head back slightly and looking upwards. With one hand, gently pull down your lower eyelid to create a small pocket. Hold the eye drop bottle upside down with your other hand, positioning the dropper tip directly over the pocket, avoiding contact with your eye or lashes. Gently squeeze the bottle to release a single drop into the pocket.
After the drop enters your eye, release your lower eyelid and gently close your eye for one to two minutes without blinking. This allows the medication to spread and absorb effectively. If applying multiple drops or different types, wait at least five minutes between applications to ensure proper absorption.
Overcoming Common Challenges
Many people encounter difficulties when applying eye drops, such as an involuntary blinking reflex or the sensation of missing the eye. To minimize blinking, try focusing on a distant point or a specific spot on the ceiling as you bring the dropper closer. If you find it challenging to aim, consider using a mirror to guide your hand or resting the hand holding the bottle on your forehead for added stability.
For those who struggle with fear of touching the eye or have limited dexterity, alternative techniques can be helpful. Lying down flat on your back can make it easier to steady your hand and direct the drop. Another method involves keeping your eye closed and placing the drop in the inner corner of your closed eyelid near your nose; then, upon opening your eye, the drop will flow in. If these techniques still pose difficulties, specialized eye drop assistance devices are available to help with aiming and squeezing the bottle.
After Application and Storage
After applying eye drops, gently close your eye and, for one to two minutes, lightly press your finger on the inner corner of your eyelid near your nose. This technique, known as nasolacrimal occlusion, prevents medication from draining into your tear duct and bloodstream, reducing potential side effects and increasing contact time. Use a clean tissue to wipe away any excess liquid.
Proper storage of eye drops maintains their effectiveness and sterility. Always replace the cap tightly after use to prevent contamination. Most eye drops should be stored in a cool, dry place at room temperature, away from direct sunlight; however, some require refrigeration, so check specific instructions. Eye drops have a limited shelf life once opened, often needing discard within 28 days, even if liquid remains, to avoid using contaminated or ineffective medication.