When a denture fits properly, it relies on natural suction and the contours of the mouth to stay in place. Many people choose to use a product often referred to as denture “glue,” which is technically a temporary adhesive, to enhance stability and security. The primary function of these adhesives is to create a stronger seal between the denture base and the gum tissues. This seal minimizes movement and prevents food particles from getting underneath. Using an adhesive can significantly improve comfort and confidence, allowing you to speak and eat without the worry of slippage.
Understanding Denture Adhesives
Denture fixatives are available in several distinct forms, each offering a different method of application and level of hold. The most common type is the adhesive cream or paste, which typically provides a strong, long-lasting bond and can help cushion the gums. A potential drawback of creams is that they can be messy if too much is applied, and it may take some practice to use the correct amount.
Another popular option is the adhesive powder, which is sprinkled onto the moist denture surface and activated by saliva. Powders are often considered less messy than creams and can be easier to apply in a thin, even layer, though they may offer a lighter hold. For a clean, pre-measured application, cushion or strip adhesives are available as thin, flexible pieces that are placed directly onto the denture base. These strips are convenient for application and removal but may be more costly than pastes or powders over time.
The binding action of these products is primarily due to hydrophilic polymers, which swell when exposed to moisture in the mouth. This swelling creates a viscous layer that enhances the natural forces of adhesion and cohesion between the denture and the oral tissues. Some older formulations contain zinc to enhance the grip. However, excessive use of these products can lead to health issues, making zinc-free options a safer choice for daily wear.
Step-by-Step Application Guide
Successful application of a denture fixative requires preparing the denture and the mouth. First, clean your dentures thoroughly with a soft brush and water to remove debris and bacteria. Ensure the denture is completely dry before applying cream or strip adhesives, as this allows for the strongest possible bond.
When using an adhesive cream, apply three or four small, pea-sized dots or short, thin lines to the surface that rests against your gums. For an upper denture, avoid placing adhesive too close to the back edge or the middle, which can cause the product to ooze out when seated. If the cream squeezes out when you press the denture in, you have used too much.
If you are using a powder, lightly sprinkle a thin, even layer across the entire fitting surface of the moist denture, then gently shake off any excess. Position the denture in your mouth, press it firmly into place, and hold it for about five to ten seconds to establish the bond. To ensure the adhesive sets fully, avoid eating or drinking anything for a few minutes after seating the denture.
Proper Removal and Oral Hygiene
Removing the denture at the end of the day is as important as applying the fixative correctly. Start by rinsing your mouth thoroughly with warm water or a warm saltwater solution, which helps to soften and loosen the adhesive seal. Next, gently rock the denture back and forth to break the bond, then carefully remove it from your mouth.
Once the denture is removed, you must clean both your mouth and the appliance to prevent irritation and residue buildup. Use a soft-bristled toothbrush or a piece of damp gauze to gently wipe and massage any remaining adhesive residue from your gums, palate, and tongue. This step is important for tissue health and helps stimulate blood flow to the gums.
The denture requires thorough cleaning to remove all traces of the adhesive before soaking. Use a denture-specific brush and a non-abrasive denture cleanser to scrub the fitting surface where the adhesive was applied. Soaking the denture overnight in an approved cleaning solution is necessary. You should never sleep with your dentures in, especially if they were held with adhesive.
When Adhesives Are Not Enough
Denture adhesives are intended to complement a well-fitting prosthesis, providing extra hold and confidence, not to fix a fundamentally poor fit. The shape of the jawbone and gums naturally changes over time due to a process called bone resorption, which causes the denture to gradually become loose. When this occurs, the space between the denture and the gums increases, and relying on excessive amounts of adhesive becomes necessary.
You should see your dental professional if you find yourself needing to reapply adhesive frequently throughout the day or if you must use more than the recommended amount. Other signs that the fit is compromised include persistent sore spots, discomfort, or the feeling that the denture is constantly slipping while eating or speaking. These issues indicate that the denture needs a professional adjustment or a reline, which involves reshaping the inner surface to match the current contours of your mouth. An ill-fitting denture that requires constant adhesive use can impair your oral health and should be addressed by a dentist.