A Foley catheter is a flexible tube inserted into the bladder to drain urine, which collects in an attached drainage bag. Regular emptying is necessary to prevent complications. Allowing the bag to become overly full increases the risk of urine backflow into the bladder, leading to bacterial migration and infection. Consistent drainage also minimizes tension on the indwelling catheter, preventing discomfort and potential damage to the urethral lining. The procedure requires careful attention to hygiene and specific technique.
Essential Preparation and Supplies
Before beginning the drainage process, gather all necessary equipment to minimize contamination risk. Wash hands thoroughly with soap and water for at least 20 seconds. Supplies include disposable, non-sterile gloves, a clean measuring container, and an alcohol wipe or fresh antiseptic swab. The measuring container should be marked to allow for accurate output tracking if required by a care plan.
Step-by-Step Drainage Procedure
Position the drainage container below the collection bag to facilitate gravity flow. Secure the catheter tubing gently to prevent accidental dislodgement during the procedure. Don disposable gloves before handling the drainage system. Locate the drainage valve, typically found at the bottom of the collection bag.
Carefully remove the valve from its holder, ensuring the tip does not touch any surrounding surfaces. Slowly open the drainage valve, directing the urine flow into the measuring container. Control the flow to prevent splashing. The drainage spout must never contact the inside or rim of the receptacle; this “no-touch” technique is essential for infection control.
Allow the urine to drain completely from the bag. Incomplete drainage leaves residual urine that can serve as a breeding ground for bacteria. Once the flow ceases, securely close the drainage spout, ensuring the clasp or clamp is firmly engaged to prevent leakage. Return the closed spout to its designated holder or pocket on the bag.
Check the seal after closing to prevent accidental spillage. Any leakage indicates a failure in technique or a fault in the equipment, requiring immediate attention.
Post-Drainage Hygiene and Monitoring
Immediately after closing the valve, wipe the drainage spout thoroughly with a fresh alcohol swab or antiseptic wipe. This neutralizes residual microorganisms and prepares the spout for secure storage. Firmly place the cleaned spout back into the hanger or pocket provided on the bag, ensuring it remains off the ground.
The collected urine must then be safely disposed of, typically by pouring it into a toilet. If measuring output is required, record the volume accurately before disposal to track fluid balance. Rinse the measuring container and store it in a clean, designated area. Remove the gloves and perform a second, thorough handwashing.
Observing the characteristics of the drained urine is an informative monitoring step. Normal urine is clear and straw-yellow. Changes such as cloudiness, dark amber color, blood, sediment, or a strong, foul odor can indicate a developing urinary tract infection (UTI). A consistent lack of urine output despite adequate fluid intake requires immediate attention, as it may signal a blockage.
The patient should also be monitored for systemic signs of infection, including fever, chills, or pain in the lower abdomen or flank area. If these symptoms appear, or if the catheter is damaged or leaking persistently, a healthcare provider should be contacted without delay.