Plastic retainers are custom-fitted orthodontic devices made of clear, thermoplastic material designed to hold teeth in their corrected position after braces or aligners. Because these appliances spend hours in the mouth, they accumulate oral bacteria, plaque, and food debris. Consistent hygiene is necessary to prevent this buildup, which can lead to unpleasant odors, discoloration, and the transfer of microorganisms back onto the teeth and gums. A proper cleaning routine ensures the retainer remains clear, functional, and supports overall oral health.
Daily Maintenance Routine
The daily routine focuses on the mechanical removal of the plaque layer that forms on the retainer’s surface. Immediately upon removal, rinse the retainer thoroughly under cool or lukewarm running water to wash away saliva and loose debris before they dry and harden.
Next, use a dedicated, soft-bristled toothbrush to gently scrub all surfaces of the appliance, paying attention to any crevices or interior curves. The cleaning agent should be a mild, non-abrasive liquid, such as unscented dish soap or non-abrasive hand soap. Use only cool or lukewarm water during this process, as exposure to hot temperatures can cause the plastic material to warp and lose its precise fit.
Deep Cleaning Techniques
While daily brushing handles surface debris, a periodic deep clean is needed to address persistent issues like plaque calcification, cloudiness, or odors. This process involves soaking the retainer in a specialized solution, typically performed once a week.
Specialized effervescent retainer cleaning tablets are a common and effective option designed to eliminate odor-causing bacteria and stains. These are dissolved in water, and the retainer is soaked for the time specified on the package, usually 15 to 20 minutes.
For a do-it-yourself approach, a diluted white vinegar solution can be used to break down mineral deposits, or tartar, which appear as white, chalky spots. A common ratio is equal parts white vinegar and lukewarm water, with the retainer soaking for 15 to 30 minutes before being brushed and rinsed. Another option is a solution of water and 3% hydrogen peroxide, mixed in a 1:1 ratio, which kills bacteria and reduces yellowness when soaked for about 15 to 20 minutes. After any soaking method, the retainer must be rinsed thoroughly with cool water to remove any chemical residue before being placed back in the mouth.
Common Mistakes That Ruin Retainers
One of the most frequent errors is exposing the plastic retainer to high temperatures, which causes the thermoplastic material to soften and permanently warp. This includes rinsing or soaking with hot water, cleaning in a dishwasher, or leaving the appliance in a hot car or near a heat source. A warped retainer will not fit correctly and can actively move teeth out of position, requiring a costly replacement.
Using abrasive dental products is another mistake that compromises the retainer’s integrity. Standard toothpastes contain abrasive particles designed to polish tooth enamel, but these create microscopic scratches on the clear plastic surface. These tiny scratches make the retainer appear dull and create new hiding spots for bacteria and plaque. Furthermore, harsh chemicals like bleach or alcohol-based mouthwashes should not be used, as they can degrade the retainer material.
Proper Handling and Storage
When the retainer is not being worn, it must be stored correctly to prevent physical damage and bacterial contamination. The safest place for a retainer is always in a ventilated, hard-shell case, which protects the appliance from being crushed, dropped, or exposed to dust and germs. The case should have small air holes, as this airflow helps prevent moisture buildup that can lead to the growth of mold or odor-causing bacteria.
A common mistake is wrapping the retainer in a napkin or tissue when removing it for a meal, which drastically increases the risk of it being accidentally thrown away. Before storing the retainer in its case, it should be thoroughly cleaned and allowed to air-dry for a few minutes to minimize moisture. The retainer case itself should also be cleaned regularly with soap and water to ensure the storage environment remains sanitary.