An axillary temperature, also known as an underarm or armpit temperature, is a common and convenient method for checking body temperature, particularly in children. While it may not be as accurate as other methods like rectal or oral temperature measurements, it serves as a useful initial screening tool to detect a fever.
Preparing for an Axillary Temperature
Proper preparation is important for an accurate axillary temperature reading. A digital thermometer is recommended for its accuracy and speed. Glass thermometers, especially those containing mercury, should be avoided as they are less safe and harder to use.
Clean the thermometer before and after each use to prevent germ spread. You can clean the probe with warm, soapy water or by wiping it down with rubbing alcohol that contains at least 60% alcohol. After applying alcohol, allow it to air-dry completely or rinse it with cool water, taking care not to submerge electronic components. Ensure the armpit area is dry and free from clothing or obstructions, as moisture or fabric can affect the reading. Waiting at least 15 to 20 minutes after bathing, exercising, or being heavily clothed can help achieve a more reliable temperature.
Taking an Axillary Temperature
To take the temperature, first turn on the digital thermometer. Gently lift the arm of the individual and place the tip of the thermometer directly into the center of the armpit. Ensure the thermometer’s tip makes direct contact with the skin, not clothing, for an accurate measurement.
Lower the arm and hold it snugly against the body to keep the thermometer securely in place. This creates a small pocket around the thermometer, ensuring consistent contact. Maintain this position until the thermometer beeps, indicating the reading is complete. Digital thermometers usually provide a reading in about one minute or less; always follow the manufacturer’s instructions. If the thermometer slips, restart the process.
Understanding Your Reading
After the thermometer beeps, remove it and read the displayed temperature. For adults, a normal axillary temperature typically ranges from 95 to 98.47 degrees Fahrenheit (35.01 to 36.93 degrees Celsius). In infants, a normal underarm temperature is generally around 98.24 degrees Fahrenheit (36.8 degrees Celsius). An axillary temperature is often considered to indicate a fever if it reads 99 degrees Fahrenheit (37.2 degrees Celsius) or higher.
Axillary temperatures are less accurate than oral or rectal measurements, often reading 0.5 to 1 degree Fahrenheit lower than core body temperatures. Therefore, adding 0.5 to 1 degree Fahrenheit (0.3 to 0.6 degrees Celsius) to an axillary reading can provide a more accurate estimate of core body temperature. Factors like recent physical activity, bathing, or heavy clothing can influence the reading.
When to seek medical attention depends on the temperature reading, the individual’s age, and accompanying symptoms. For infants younger than three months, any axillary temperature of 99 degrees Fahrenheit (37.2 degrees Celsius) or higher warrants immediate medical attention. For children between 3 and 6 months old, a temperature up to 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit (38 degrees Celsius) combined with signs of illness or any temperature higher than 100.4 degrees Fahrenheit should prompt a call to a healthcare provider. For older children and adults, a fever persisting for more than 48-72 hours, or a fever accompanied by concerning symptoms like a stiff neck, unusual rash, difficulty breathing, or extreme lethargy, indicates a need for medical consultation.