A tennis elbow brace, also known as a counterforce brace, is a simple orthopedic device designed to relieve strain on the forearm tendons where they attach near the elbow joint. The brace functions by applying targeted compression to the muscle belly, which changes the angle of pull on the irritated tendon attachment point. This mechanism helps to absorb some of the force that would otherwise travel to the injury site, providing immediate pain reduction during activities that involve gripping or repetitive wrist movement.
Understanding Brace Types
When seeking relief, you will encounter two main types of supports: the counterforce strap and the compression sleeve. The counterforce strap is the classic tennis elbow brace, consisting of a narrow band often featuring a gel or foam pad, designed to apply focused pressure. Its purpose is to create a new, artificial point of origin for the forearm muscles, dampening the force transmitted to the inflamed tendon insertion.
The elbow sleeve provides generalized compression across the entire joint and forearm. While a sleeve can help reduce swelling, increase blood flow, and offer warmth, it does not provide the targeted counterforce mechanics of the strap. The precise application instructions that follow are specific to the counterforce strap, which is the primary treatment brace.
Identifying the Correct Placement Point
The effectiveness of a counterforce strap depends on its placement on the forearm muscle belly. The brace must not be placed directly over the painful bony prominence on the outside of the elbow. Placing the brace over the bone or joint will not provide relief and can restrict movement.
Instead, locate the point of maximum tenderness near your elbow and measure approximately one to two inches down your forearm toward your wrist. This area is the muscle belly, where the brace’s compression can best absorb muscular forces. The goal is to apply pressure to this bulky part of the muscle, not the tendon itself, to deflect tension away from the injured attachment site.
Step-by-Step Application and Securing
Before applying the brace, ensure the strap is loosened so you can slide it up your forearm. Position the brace pad, if your model has one, directly over the muscle belly identified in the previous step, ensuring it is centered. It is easiest to apply the brace while the arm is relaxed and slightly bent.
Once the brace is correctly positioned one to two inches below the elbow crease, begin to tighten the strap fastener, such as the hook-and-loop closure. The brace should lie flat against the skin without twisting or bunching up the material. Secure the strap firmly enough to feel a notable compression, but not so tight that it causes immediate discomfort or bulging of the muscle tissue.
Assessing Proper Tension and Comfort
The correct tension must be snug enough to work but loose enough to avoid compromising circulation. A common way to check the tension is the “two-finger test,” where you should be able to slide one to two fingers beneath the secured strap. If you cannot slide at least one finger underneath, the brace is too tight and should be loosened immediately.
Monitor for signs of restricted blood flow, such as tingling, numbness, or discoloration in your hand or fingers. If any of these symptoms occur, the brace is too tight and needs to be readjusted. When properly tensioned, the brace should provide noticeable pain relief during activities that involve gripping or lifting, confirming the counterforce mechanism is reducing strain on the tendon.